Neurocognitive Impairment in Lead-Exposed Children of Andean Lead-Glazing Workers
| Autor: | Fernando Ortega, Counter Sa, Leo H. Buchanan |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Gerontology Ceramics Risk Assessment Lead poisoning Cohort Studies Child Development Raven's Progressive Matrices Borderline intellectual functioning Occupational Exposure medicine Humans Parent-Child Relations Child Intelligence Tests Intelligence quotient business.industry Cognitive disorder Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health medicine.disease Lead Poisoning El Niño Child Preschool Female Ecuador Cognition Disorders business Neurocognitive Cohort study Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 47:306-312 |
| ISSN: | 1076-2752 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/01.jom.0000155717.45594.65 |
| Popis: | The level of lead (Pb) exposure necessary to induce intellectual impairment has not been firmly established. Some studies using conventional language-based intelligence tests have reported that pediatric blood lead (PbB) levels lower than 10 microg/dL (0.483 micromol/L) are associated with neurocognitive impairment. However, these tests may introduce cultural biases in the assessment of intellectual functioning. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PbB concentration on nonverbal intelligence in Andean children with chronic environmental Pb exposure using a nonlanguage-based test of cognitive functioning.Using Raven Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM) as a measure of nonverbal intelligence, this study investigated the effects of Pb exposure (biomarker: PbB levels) on intellectual functioning in 188 chronically Pb-exposed children (age range: 5.33-11.67 years) of Ecuadorian Andean Pb-glazing workers.The mean PbB level of the 188 children was 29.3 microg/dL (range: 3.5-94.3 microg/dL). Forty-seven children had PbB levels10 microg/dL (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] I classification), of which 30 had abnormal (ie,or =25th percentile) RCPM standard scores. Of the 141 children with PbB levelsor =10 microg/dL, 97 had abnormal RCPM scores. A regression analysis revealed a statistically significant negative association (r = -0.331, P0.0001) between PbB level and RCPM standard score. Conversion of RCPM standard scores to estimated IQ scores showed an approximate two-point decrease in IQ for each 10-microg/dL increment in PbB level from 10 to70 microg/dL.Performance on a test of nonverbal intelligence was inversely associated with chronic Pb exposure in Andean children with PbB levels below and above the CDC risk management level of 10 microg/dL, with the decline in test scores suggesting a dose-response relationship. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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