Low Immune Activation in Early Pregnancy Is Associated With Preterm But Not Small-for-gestational-age Delivery in Women Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnancy: A Prematurity Immunology in HIV-infected Mothers and their Infants Study (PIMS) Case-control Study in Cape Town, South Africa
| Autor: | Daniel M. Muema, Clive M. Gray, Marcus Altfeld, Christina Thobakgale, Polycarp Mogeni, Marie-Louise Newell, Landon Myer, Nontlantla Mdletshe, Thokozile R Malaba, Thumbi Ndung'u, Hlengiwe P. Madlala |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) adverse pregnancy outcomes CD14 antiretroviral therapy Mothers HIV Infections 03 medical and health sciences South Africa 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Pregnancy medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Pregnancy Complications Infectious business.industry Monocyte Infant Newborn HIV Infant Dendritic cell medicine.disease Major Articles and Commentaries 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure AcademicSubjects/MED00290 Case-Control Studies Immunology Small for gestational age Gestation Premature Birth Female business monocytes Viral load |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Infectious Diseases |
| ISSN: | 1537-6591 1058-4838 |
| Popis: | Background Mechanisms underlying an association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy with risk of preterm delivery (PTD) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) remain unclear. We explored the association between cellular immune activation and PTD or SGA in women with HIV initiating ART during or before pregnancy. Methods Women with HIV enrolled at median 15 weeks’ gestation, were analyzed for immune markers, and matched on ART initiation timing (15 women initiated pre- and 15 during pregnancy). There were 30 PTD (delivery 25th percentile) as outcomes. Lymphocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cell populations and their activation status or functionality were enumerated by flow cytometry. Results PTD cases initiating ART in pregnancy showed decreased CD8+ T cell, monocyte, and dendritic cell activation; increased classical (CD14+CD16–) and intermediate (CD14+CD16+) monocyte frequencies; and decreased inflammatory monocytes (CD14dimCD16+) compared with SGA cases and term controls (all P Here, we show that low immune cell activation and lowered cytokine production by monocytes in response to toll-like receptor ligand stimulation in early pregnancy in women initiating antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy is associated with preterm but not small-for-gestational age delivery. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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