Link of a ubiquitous human coronavirus to dromedary camels
| Autor: | Isabella Eckerle, Hulda R. Jonsdottir, Kisi J. Z. Juma Ngeiywa, Ulrich Wernery, Mario Younan, Jan Felix Drexler, Ziad A. Memish, Benjamin Meyer, Joerg Jores, Set Bornstein, Abdullah M. Assiri, Volker Thiel, Anne Liljander, Malakita Al Masri, Bakri E. Musa, M. Hilali, Esther Kamau, Ronald Dijkman, Ilona Gluecks, Christian Drosten, Marcel A. Müller, Victor M. Corman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
endocrine system Camelus Endemic Diseases viruses 030106 microbiology Saudi Arabia medicine.disease_cause Cell Line 03 medical and health sciences Interferon Cell Line Tumor Sequence Homology Nucleic Acid Chlorocebus aethiops medicine Animals Humans Human virome Vero Cells Gene Cells Cultured Phylogeny Coronavirus Multidisciplinary 630 Agriculture Base Sequence biology virus diseases Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Kenya Virology 030104 developmental biology Viral evolution Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome Human Virus Caco-2 Cells Coronavirus Infections Camelid medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1604472113 |
| Popis: | The four human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are globally endemic respiratory pathogens. The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV) is an emerging CoV with a known zoonotic source in dromedary camels. Little is known about the origins of endemic HCoVs. Studying these viruses' evolutionary history could provide important insight into CoV emergence. In tests of MERS-CoV-infected dromedaries, we found viruses related to an HCoV, known as HCoV-229E, in 5.6% of 1,033 animals. Human- and dromedary-derived viruses are each monophyletic, suggesting ecological isolation. One gene of dromedary viruses exists in two versions in camels, full length and deleted, whereas only the deleted version exists in humans. The deletion increased in size over a succession starting from camelid viruses via old human viruses to contemporary human viruses. Live isolates of dromedary 229E viruses were obtained and studied to assess human infection risks. The viruses used the human entry receptor aminopeptidase N and replicated in human hepatoma cells, suggesting a principal ability to cause human infections. However, inefficient replication in several mucosa-derived cell lines and airway epithelial cultures suggested lack of adaptation to the human host. Dromedary viruses were as sensitive to the human type I interferon response as HCoV-229E. Antibodies in human sera neutralized dromedary-derived viruses, suggesting population immunity against dromedary viruses. Although no current epidemic risk seems to emanate from these viruses, evolutionary inference suggests that the endemic human virus HCoV-229E may constitute a descendant of camelid-associated viruses. HCoV-229E evolution provides a scenario for MERS-CoV emergence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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