Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of urban aerosols in Krakow (Poland) and their potential health impact
| Autor: | Marek Michalik, Wanda Wilczyńska-Michalik, Agnieszka Chmielarczyk, Anna Różańska, Małgorzata Bulanda, Bartłomiej Pietras |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Atmospheric particulate matter Nanoparticle 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences complex mixtures atmospheric particulate matter Geochemistry and Petrology Ultrafine particle aerosol health impact Chemical composition of particles Aerosol health impact medicine Environmental Chemistry Particle Size Chemical composition 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Water Science and Technology Aerosols Air Pollutants Original Paper Urban aerosol urban aerosol Chemistry Microorganisms in aerosols Tar microorganisms in aerosols General Medicine Particulates size and morphology of particles Soot Aerosol Agglomerate Size and morphology of particles Environmental chemistry Particulate Matter Poland chemical composition of particles |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Geochemistry and Health |
| Popis: | Eight aerosol samples were collected in Krakow using a low-volume sampler in February and March 2019 during variable meteorological conditions and times of the day, to study their single particles’ properties (size, morphology and chemical composition analyzed using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an energy-dispersive spectrometer) and microbiological characteristics. The content of particles of different chemical compositions larger than 2.5 μm was low. Considering the number of the particles, submicron particles strongly dominated with a high content of ultrafine particles (nanoparticles). Tar ball-type particles were relatively common in the studied samples, while soot was the dominant component. Soot was present as small agglomerates composed of few particles, but also as bigger agglomerates. Metal-containing particles of various chemical characteristics were abundant, with transition metals commonly occurring in these particles. The physicochemical characteristics of aerosols indicate that despite a relatively low mass concentration, their adverse health impact could be very strong because of the high content of nanoparticles, the abundance of soot and other fuel combustion-related particles, and the high incidence of transition metal-rich particles. Microbiological analysis was based on cultures on both solid and liquid agar. The MALDI-TOF method was used for species identification—for bacteria and fungi. Twelve different species of bacteria were isolated from the collected samples of aerosols. The most frequently isolated species was Gram-positive sporulating Bacillus licheniformis. The isolated mold fungi were of the genus Aspergillus. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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