Evaluating the effectiveness of conservation site networks under climate change : accounting for uncertainty
| Autor: | Yvonne C. Collingham, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Mike Crosby, Jagadish Rajkumar, Stephen G. Willis, Nguyen Van Quang, Mohit Kalra, Brian Huntley, Hum Gurung, David G. Hole, Le Trong Trai, Asad R. Rahmani, Mitra Pandey, Robert Bagchi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Conservation of Natural Resources
Spatial autocorrelation Environmental change Climate Change Species distribution Climate change Eastern Himalaya Environmental Chemistry Bird conservation General Environmental Science Mekong Global and Planetary Change Ecology Important Bird Area Site management adaptation business.industry Environmental resource management Uncertainty Biodiversity Models Theoretical Protected area Environmental niche modelling Adaptive management Bird diversity Environmental science business |
| Zdroj: | Global change biology, 2013, Vol.19(4), pp.1236-1248 [Peer Reviewed Journal] |
| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.12123 |
| Popis: | We forecasted potential impacts of climate change on the ability of a network of key sites for bird conservation (Important Bird Areas; IBAs) to provide suitable climate for 370 bird species of current conservation concern in two Asian biodiversity hotspots: the Eastern Himalaya and Lower Mekong. Comparable studies have largely not accounted for uncertainty, which may lead to inappropriate conclusions. We quantified the contribution of four sources of variation (choice of general circulation models, emission scenarios and species distribution modelling methods and variation in species distribution data) to uncertainty in forecasts and tested if our projections were robust to these uncertainties. Declines in the availability of suitable climate within the IBA network by 2100 were forecast as ‘extremely likely’ for 45% of species, whereas increases were projected for only 2%. Thus, we predict almost 24 times as many ‘losers’ as ‘winners’. However, for no species was suitable climate ‘extremely likely’ to be completely lost from the network. Considerable turnover (median = 43%, 95% CI = 35–69%) in species compositions of most IBAs were projected by 2100. Climatic conditions in 47% of IBAs were projected as ‘extremely likely’ to become suitable for fewer priority species. However, no IBA was forecast to become suitable for more species. Variation among General Circulation Models and Species Distribution Models contributed most to uncertainty among forecasts. This uncertainty precluded firm conclusions for 53% of species and IBAs because 95% confidence intervals included projections of no change. Considering this uncertainty, however, allows robust recommendations concerning the remaining species and IBAs. Overall, while the IBA network will continue to sustain bird conservation, climate change will modify which species each site will be suitable for. Thus, adaptive management of the network, including modified site conservation strategies and facilitating species' movement among sites, is critical to ensure effective future conservation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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