Critical analysis of excessive utilization of crude protein in ruminants ration: impact on environmental ecosystem and opportunities of supplementation of limiting amino acids—a review
| Autor: | Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mervat A. Abdel-Latif, Farzana Abbasi, Khawar Hayat, Imtiaz Hussain Raja Abbasi, Mohamed Abdalla Elsiddig Mohamed, Bello Musa Bodinga, Yangchun Cao, Rab Nawaz Soomro, Junhu Yao |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Rumen Nitrogen Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Excretion Feces 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Ammonia Nitrate Animals Environmental Chemistry Food science Amino Acids Ecosystem Methionine biology business.industry 0402 animal and dairy science Ruminants 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine Metabolism biology.organism_classification Animal Feed 040201 dairy & animal science Pollution Methanogen Biotechnology 030104 developmental biology chemistry Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Environmental Pollutants Dietary Proteins business Methane Protein quality |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 25:181-190 |
| ISSN: | 1614-7499 0944-1344 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11356-017-0555-4 |
| Popis: | Protein quality plays a key role than quantity in growth, production, and reproduction of ruminants. Application of high concentration of dietary crude protein (CP) did not balance the proportion of these limiting amino acids (AA) at duodenal digesta of high producing dairy cow. Thus, dietary supplementation of rumen-protected AA is recommended to sustain the physiological, productive, and reproductive performance of ruminants. Poor metabolism of high CP diets in rumen excretes excessive nitrogen (N) through urine and feces in the environment. This excretion is usually in the form of nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrate, and ammonia. In addition to producing gases like methane, hydrogen carbon dioxide pollutes and has a potentially negative impact on air, soil, and water quality. Data specify that supplementation of top-limiting AA methionine and lysine (Met + Lys) in ruminants’ ration is one of the best approaches to enhance the utilization of feed protein and alleviate negative biohazards of CP in ruminants’ ration. In conclusion, many in vivo and in vitro studies were reviewed and reported that low dietary CP with supplemental rumen-protected AA (Met + Lys) showed a good ability to reduce N losses or NH3. Also, it helps in declining gases emission and decreasing soil or water contamination without negative impacts on animal performance. Finally, further studies are needed on genetic and molecular basis to explain the impact of Met + Lys supplementation on co-occurrence patterns of microbiome of rumen which shine new light on bacteria, methanogen, and protozoal interaction in ruminants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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