Choosing interventions to eliminate forest malaria: preliminary results of two operational research studies inside Cambodian forests

Autor: Mark Debackere, Amber Kunkel, Jean-Olivier Guintran, Sarun Im, Sophea, Jean Popovici, Dom Peov, Saorin Kim, Patrice Piola, Sreynet Srun, Amélie Vantaux, Chea Nguon, Srean Chhim, Phanith Kong, Nimol Khim, Benoit Witkowski
Přispěvatelé: Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia] (CNM), Malaria Molecular Epidemiology (MMEU), Partners for Development [Phnom Penh, Cambodia], Partners For Development [Silver Spring, MD] (PFD), Malaria Consortium [Phnom Penh, Cambodge], World Health Organization [Phnom Penh] (WHO), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), These studies were funded by the French Initiative 5%: 'Blocking Malaria Transmission in Forest Vulnerable Populations through Forest Malaria Workers: A Key for Malaria Elimination in Cambodia'. Grant Code: 17SANIN205 and the Regional Artemisinin-resistance Initiative—Regional Component Package 2—Operational Research: Effectiveness of forest-based malaria control interventions in large forests of Cambodia. Grant code: QSE-M-UNOPS. AK was supported by the Pasteur Foundation (US)., Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Malaria Molecular Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
MESH: Disease Eradication
Plasmodium vivax
Rapid diagnostic test
Forests
Greater mekong subregion
0302 clinical medicine
MESH: Risk Factors
Risk Factors
Prevalence
Mass Screening
MESH: Animals
030212 general & internal medicine
Malaria
Falciparum
Forestgoers
education.field_of_study
MESH: Operations Research
biology
MESH: Malaria
Falciparum
MESH: Forests
3. Good health
Infectious Diseases
MESH: Mosquito Vectors
Female
Mass screening and treatment
Cambodia
medicine.medical_specialty
Operations Research
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
lcsh:RC955-962
MESH: Malaria
030231 tropical medicine
Population
Plasmodium falciparum
Mosquito Vectors
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
03 medical and health sciences
Forest-goers
Asian People
Environmental health
parasitic diseases
medicine
Malaria
Vivax
Animals
Humans
lcsh:RC109-216
MESH: Mass Screening
Forest
Disease Eradication
education
MESH: Prevalence
Mass screening
MESH: Humans
business.industry
MESH: Cambodia
Public health
Research
MESH: Malaria
Vivax
15. Life on land
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Malaria
Culicidae
Tropical medicine
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Parasitology
MESH: Asians
MESH: Culicidae
business
MESH: Female
Zdroj: Malaria Journal
Malaria Journal, 2021, 20 (1), pp.51. ⟨10.1186/s12936-020-03572-3⟩
Malaria Journal, BioMed Central, 2021, 20 (1), pp.51. ⟨10.1186/s12936-020-03572-3⟩
Malaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
ISSN: 1475-2875
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03572-3⟩
Popis: Background Rapid elimination of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Cambodia is a goal with both national and international significance. Transmission of malaria in Cambodia is limited to forest environments, and the main population at risk consists of forest-goers who rely on forest products for income or sustenance. The ideal interventions to eliminate malaria from this population are unknown. Methods In two forested regions of Cambodia, forest-goers were trained to become forest malaria workers (FMWs). In one region, FMWs performed mass screening and treatment, focal screening and treatment, and passive case detection inside the forest. In the other region, FMWs played an observational role for the first year, to inform the choice of intervention for the second year. In both forests, FMWs collected blood samples and questionnaire data from all forest-goers they encountered. Mosquito collections were performed in each forest. Results Malaria prevalence by PCR was high in the forest, with 2.3–5.0% positive for P. falciparum and 14.6–25.0% positive for Plasmodium vivax among forest-goers in each study site. In vectors, malaria prevalence ranged from 2.1% to 9.6%, but no P. falciparum was observed. Results showed poor performance of mass screening and treatment, with sensitivity of rapid diagnostic tests equal to 9.1% (95% CI 1.1%, 29.2%) for P. falciparum and 4.4% (95% CI 1.6%, 9.2%) for P. vivax. Malaria infections were observed in all demographics and throughout the studied forests, with no clear risk factors emerging. Conclusions Malaria prevalence remains high among Cambodian forest-goers, but performance of rapid diagnostic tests is poor. More adapted strategies to this population, such as intermittent preventive treatment of forest goers, should be considered.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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