The structural basis of accelerated host cell entry by SARS‐CoV‐2†
| Autor: | Diksha Attrish, Bruce D. Uhal, Kazuo Takayama, Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Gaurav Chauhan, Ángel Serrano-Aroca, Antonio G. Soares, Nima Rezaei, Murat Seyran, Shinjini Ghosh, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Kenneth Lundstrom, Gajendra Kumar Azad, Vladimir N. Uversky, Parise Adadi, Wagner Baetas-da-Cruz, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Pabitra Pal Choudhury, Giorgio Palù, Adam Brufsky, Ramesh Kandimalla, Sk. Sarif Hassan, Samendra P. Sherchan, Damiano Pizzol |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Proteases receptor‐binding domain viruses Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Protein subunit Virus Attachment sialic acid‐binding domain Respiratory Mucosa Biology furin protease Structural Snapshots Antiviral Agents Biochemistry SARS‐CoV‐2 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Protein Domains COVID‐19 medicine Humans Structural Snapshot Receptor Furin Pandemics Molecular Biology chemistry.chemical_classification Binding Sites SARS-CoV-2 virus diseases COVID-19 Cell Biology Virus Internalization Epithelium Cell biology Sialic acid 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Enzyme chemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Host-Pathogen Interactions Spike Glycoprotein Coronavirus biology.protein Receptors Virus Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Protein Binding |
| Zdroj: | The FEBS Journal The Febs Journal |
| ISSN: | 1742-4658 1742-464X |
| DOI: | 10.1111/febs.15651 |
| Popis: | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic capacity is derived from the unique structural features on its spike protein: fast viral surfing over the epithelium with flat N‐terminal domain, tight binding to ACE2 entry receptor, and furin protease utilization. In addition, the possible involvement of other components such as lipid rafts, CLRs, and neuropilin is, in combination, mediating the accelerated cell entry and other critical steps in its overwhelming contagious capacity and pandemy. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the causative agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) that exhibits an overwhelming contagious capacity over other human coronaviruses (HCoVs). This structural snapshot describes the structural bases underlying the pandemic capacity of SARS‐CoV‐2 and explains its fast motion over respiratory epithelia that allow its rapid cellular entry. Based on notable viral spike (S) protein features, we propose that the flat sialic acid‐binding domain at the N‐terminal domain (NTD) of the S1 subunit leads to more effective first contact and interaction with the sialic acid layer over the epithelium, and this, in turn, allows faster viral ‘surfing’ of the epithelium and receptor scanning by SARS‐CoV‐2. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE‐2) protein on the epithelial surface is the primary entry receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2, and protein–protein interaction assays demonstrate high‐affinity binding of the spike protein (S protein) to ACE‐2. To date, no high‐frequency mutations were detected at the C‐terminal domain of the S1 subunit in the S protein, where the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) is located. Tight binding to ACE‐2 by a conserved viral RBD suggests the ACE2‐RBD interaction is likely optimal. Moreover, the viral S subunit contains a cleavage site for furin and other proteases, which accelerates cell entry by SARS‐CoV‐2. The model proposed here describes a structural basis for the accelerated host cell entry by SARS‐CoV‐2 relative to other HCoVs and also discusses emerging hypotheses that are likely to contribute to the development of antiviral strategies to combat the pandemic capacity of SARS‐CoV‐2. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
| Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje | K zobrazení výsledku je třeba se přihlásit. |