Prospective risk and protective factors for psychopathology and wellbeing in civilian emergency services personnel: a systematic review
| Autor: | Michael J. Kyron, Clare S. Rees, R. Nicholas Carleton, Peter M. McEvoy, Donna Lawrence |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Coping (psychology) Psychological intervention Burnout Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic 03 medical and health sciences Social support 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Humans Medicine Prospective Studies Psychiatry Psychopathology business.industry Cognition Protective Factors Neuroticism Mental health 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Mental Health business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Affective Disorders. 281:517-532 |
| ISSN: | 0165-0327 |
| Popis: | Emergency services personnel have an elevated risk of developing mental health conditions. Most research in this area is cross-sectional, which precludes inferences about temporal and potentially causal relationships between risk and protective factors and mental health outcomes. The current study systematically reviewed prospective studies of risk and protective factors for mental health outcomes in civilian emergency services personnel (firefighters, paramedics, police) assessed at pre-operational and operational stages. Out of 66 eligible prospective studies identified, several core groups of risk and protective factors emerged: (1) cognitive abilities; (2) coping tendencies; (3) personality factors; (4) peritraumatic reactions and post-trauma symptoms; (5) workplace factors; (6) interpersonal factors; (7) events away from work. Although there was insufficient evidence for many associations, social support was consistently found to protect against the development of mental health conditions, and peritraumatic dissociation, prior mental health issues, and prior trauma exposure were risk factors for future mental health conditions. Among operational studies, neuroticism was significantly associated with future PTSD symptoms, burnout, and general poor mental health, and avoidance and intrusion symptoms of PTSD were associated with future PTSD and depression symptoms. The current review results provide important targets for future research and interventions designed to improve the mental health of emergency services personnel. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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