Bithionol inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth In Vitro- studies on mechanism(s) of action
| Autor: | Vijayalakshmi N. Ayyagari, Laurent Brard |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Programmed cell death Time Factors Cell cycle checkpoint Apoptosis Antineoplastic Agents Pharmacology p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Ovarian cancer cell lines Inhibitory Concentration 50 Cell Line Tumor Genetics medicine Humans Viability assay Cell Proliferation Membrane Potential Mitochondrial Ovarian Neoplasms Dose-Response Relationship Drug Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases Cell growth business.industry NF-kappa B Cancer Cell Cycle Checkpoints medicine.disease XIAP Autotaxin Oncology Drug Resistance Neoplasm Female Bithionol Cisplatin Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins Reactive Oxygen Species business Ovarian cancer Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt Research Article Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | BMC Cancer |
| ISSN: | 1471-2407 |
| Popis: | Background Drug resistance is a cause of ovarian cancer recurrence and low overall survival rates. There is a need for more effective treatment approaches because the development of new drug is expensive and time consuming. Alternatively, the concept of ‘drug repurposing’ is promising. We focused on Bithionol (BT), a clinically approved anti-parasitic drug as an anti-ovarian cancer drug. BT has previously been shown to inhibit solid tumor growth in several preclinical cancer models. A better understanding of the anti-tumor effects and mechanism(s) of action of BT in ovarian cancer cells is essential for further exploring its therapeutic potential against ovarian cancer. Methods The cytotoxic effects of BT against a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines were determined by Presto Blue cell viability assay. Markers of apoptosis such as caspases 3/7, cPARP induction, nuclear condensation and mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization were assessed using microscopic, FACS and immunoblotting methods. Mechanism(s) of action of BT such as cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, autotaxin (ATX) inhibition and effects on MAPK and NF-kB signalling were determined by FACS analysis, immunoblotting and colorimetric methods. Results BT caused dose dependent cytotoxicity against all ovarian cancer cell lines tested with IC50 values ranging from 19 μM – 60 μM. Cisplatin-resistant variants of A2780 and IGROV-1 have shown almost similar IC50 values compared to their sensitive counterparts. Apoptotic cell death was shown by expression of caspases 3/7, cPARP, loss of mitochondrial potential, nuclear condensation, and up-regulation of p38 and reduced expression of pAkt, pNF-κB, pIκBα, XIAP, bcl-2 and bcl-xl. BT treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest at G1/M phase and increased ROS generation. Treatment with ascorbic acid resulted in partial restoration of cell viability. In addition, dose and time dependent inhibition of ATX was observed. Conclusions BT exhibits cytotoxic effects on various ovarian cancer cell lines regardless of their sensitivities to cisplatin. Cell death appears to be via caspases mediated apoptosis. The mechanisms of action appear to be partly via cell cycle arrest, ROS generation and inhibition of ATX. The present study provides preclinical data suggesting a potential therapeutic role for BT against recurrent ovarian cancer. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink