Legionella Infection Risk from Domestic Hot Water
| Autor: | M. Moro, M. Teresa Montagna, Rachele Giovanna Neglia, Paola Borella, Gabriella Ribera D’Alcalà, Christian Napoli, D. Tatò, Patrizia Laurenti, Serena Stampi, Vincenzo Romano-Spica, Giovanna De Luca, G. Stancanelli, Isabella Marchesi, Guglielmina Fantuzzi, Cristina Ossi, Maria Triassi, Erica Leoni, Gianluigi Quaranta |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Triassi, Maria, Borella, P, Montagna, Mt, ROMANO SPICA, V, Stampi, S, Stancanelli, G, Neglia, R, Marchesi, I, Fantuzzi, G, Tato, D, Napoli, C, Quaranta, G, Laurenti, P, Leoni, E, DE LUCA, G, Ossi, C, Moro, M, RIBERA D'ALCALA, G., Borella P., Montagna MT., Romano Spica V., Stampi S., Stancanelli G., Triassi M., Neglia R., Marchesi I., Fantuzzi G., Tatò D., Napoli C., Quaranta G., Laurenti P., Leoni E., De Luca G., Ossi C., Moro M., Ribera D'Alcalà G. |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Veterinary medicine Infection risk Epidemiology Legionella Hot water HOT WATER SYSTEMS chemistry.chemical_element lcsh:Medicine Legionella pneumophila Microbiology lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases Risk Factors Water Supply community legionellosis Pseudomonas medicine Chlorine Humans lcsh:RC109-216 Legionella multicentric survey Legionellosis biology Legionella spp Research lcsh:R Contamination biology.organism_classification medicine.disease bacterial infections and mycoses respiratory tract diseases Infectious Diseases Heater type domestic hot water systems home colonization chemistry Italy Metals Pseudomonas spp Legionnaires' disease Legionnaires' Disease Infection Water Microbiology water microbial contamination |
| Zdroj: | Scopus-Elsevier Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 457-464 (2004) Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Popis: | We investigated Legionella and Pseudomonas contamination of hot water in a cross-sectional multicentric survey in Italy. Chemical parameters (hardness, free chlorine, and trace elements) were determined. Legionella spp. were detected in 33 (22.6%) and Pseudomonas spp. in 56 (38.4%) of 146 samples. Some factors associated with Legionella contamination were heater type, tank distance and capacity, water plant age, and mineral content. Pseudomonas presence was influenced by water source, hardness, free chlorine, and temperature. Legionella contamination was associated with a centralized heater, distance from the heater point >10 m, and a water plant >10 years old. Furthermore, zinc levels of 50 microg/L appeared to be protective against Legionella colonization [corrected]. Legionella species and serogroups were differently distributed according to heater type, water temperature, and free chlorine, suggesting that Legionella strains may have a different sensibility and resistance to environmental factors and different ecologic niches. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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