Microdam Impoundments Provide Suitable Habitat for Larvae of Malaria Vectors: An Observational Study in Western Kenya
| Autor: | Maurice Ombok, Edward D. Walker, M. Nabie Bayoh, John E. Gimnig, Robert S. McCann |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Wet season
Medical entomology Anopheles gambiae 030231 tropical medicine Population Mosquito Vectors Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Water Supply Dry season Anopheles Animals 030212 general & internal medicine education Ecosystem education.field_of_study General Veterinary biology Ecology biology.organism_classification Kenya Malaria Lakes Infectious Diseases Habitat Insect Science Vector (epidemiology) Larva Parasitology Animal Distribution |
| Zdroj: | J Med Entomol |
| ISSN: | 1938-2928 |
| Popis: | Impoundments formed by microdams in rural areas of Africa are important sources of water for people, but they provide potential larval habitats for Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes that are vectors of malaria. To study this association, the perimeters of 31 microdam impoundments in western Kenya were sampled for Anopheles larvae in three zones (patches of floating and emergent vegetation, shorelines of open water, and aggregations of cattle hoofprints) across dry and rainy seasons. Of 3,169 larvae collected, most (86.8%) were collected in the rainy season. Of 2,403 larvae successfully reared to fourth instar or adult, nine species were identified; most (80.2%) were Anopheles arabiensis Patton, sampled from hoofprint zones in the rainy season. Other species collected were Anopheles coustani Laveran, Anopheles gambiae s.s. Giles, Anopheles funestus Giles, and Anopheles rivulorum Leeson, Anopheles pharoensis Theobald, Anopheles squamosus Theobald, Anopheles rufipes (Gough), and Anopheles ardensis (Theobald). Larvae of An. funestus were uncommon (1.5%) in both dry and rainy seasons and were confined to vegetated zones, suggesting that microdam impoundments are not primary habitats for this important vector species, although microdams may provide a dry season refuge habitat for malaria vectors, contributing to population persistence through the dry season. In this study, microdam impoundments clearly provided habitat for the malaria vector An. arabiensis in the rainy season, most of which was within the shallow apron side of the impoundments where people brought cattle for watering, resulting in compacted soil with aggregations of water-filled hoofprints. This observation suggests a potential conflict between public health concerns about malaria and people’s need for stable and reliable sources of water. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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