Nanoparticle-Based Contrast Agents for129Xe HyperCEST NMR and MRI Applications
| Autor: | Leif Schröder, Jabadurai Jayapaul |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Xenon lcsh:Medical technology Materials science Contrast Media chemistry.chemical_element Nanoparticle Nanotechnology Biosensing Techniques Review Article 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Multiplexing Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Hyperpolarization (physics) Molecular mri 010405 organic chemistry Chemical exchange Magnetic Resonance Imaging Molecular Imaging 0104 chemical sciences lcsh:R855-855.5 chemistry Nanoparticles Molecular imaging Biosensor |
| Zdroj: | Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging, Vol 2019 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1555-4317 1555-4309 |
| Popis: | Spin hyperpolarization techniques have enabled important advancements in preclinical and clinical MRI applications to overcome the intrinsic low sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance. Functionalized xenon biosensors represent one of these approaches. They combine two amplification strategies, namely, spin exchange optical pumping (SEOP) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). The latter one requires host structures that reversibly bind the hyperpolarized noble gas. Different nanoparticle approaches have been implemented and have enabled molecular MRI with129Xe at unprecedented sensitivity. This review gives an overview of the Xe biosensor concept, particularly how different nanoparticles address various critical aspects of gas binding and exchange, spectral dispersion for multiplexing, and targeted reporter delivery. As this concept is emerging into preclinical applications, comprehensive sensor design will be indispensable in translating the outstanding sensitivity potential into biomedical molecular imaging applications. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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