The D2 dopamine receptor gene, addiction, and personality: clinical correlates in cocaine abusers
| Autor: | M. Douglas Anglin, Alfonso Paredes, M. Elena Khalsa-Denison, Peggy Compton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Genotype Personality Inventory Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject Dysfunctional family Reward system Cocaine Dopamine Risk Factors Medicine Humans Psychiatry Biological Psychiatry Alleles media_common business.industry Receptors Dopamine D2 Addiction Psychoactive drug Middle Aged medicine.disease Substance abuse Dopamine receptor business Disease model of addiction medicine.drug Personality |
| Zdroj: | Biological psychiatry. 39(4) |
| ISSN: | 0006-3223 |
| Popis: | The role of genetic predisposition in dysfunctional alcohol and drug use is the subject of much interest; this is in part due to recent scientific advances in molecular genetics as the human genome is catalogued, and to the currently favored disease model of addiction. The relationship between substance abuse and genetics has best been described for the case of alcoholism, which culminated in a report by Blum et al (1990) demonstrating a high correlation between severe alcoholism and the presence of the A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene in the brain of deceased alcoholics. Noble et al (1991) provided evidence that the A1 allelic presentation results in fewer dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, the site theorized to produce reward or reinforcement for many psychoactive drugs, including alcohol and cocaine (Wise and Rompre 1989). Implied in this finding is that certain drug abusers seek intoxication to compensate for an intrinsically underactive dopamine-mediated reward system which may be manifest in increased addiction severity in persons with the A1 allele, who unlike individuals with the A2 allele, are motivated by neurophysiological traits to use drugs. An alternative or refinement to this "dopamine deficit" hypothesis for drug abuse is the possibility that the A1 allele of the DRD2 gene plays a role in the development of personality traits which are compatible with psychoactive drug abuse. The idea of |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect