Improvement of impaired calcium and skeletal homeostasis in vitamin D receptor knockout mice by a high dose of calcitriol and maxacalcitol
Autor: | Toshifumi Sakaguchi, Kazuhiro Shiizaki, Fumie Saji, Tadao Akizawa, Shigeaki Kato, Eiji Kusano, Eiko Nakazawa, Yoshiyuki Moriguchi, Ikuo Imazeki, Ikuji Hatamura |
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Rok vydání: | 2009 |
Předmět: |
Calbindins
medicine.medical_specialty Histology Calcitriol Duodenum Physiology Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism TRPV Cation Channels Biology Calcitriol receptor Calbindin Bone and Bones Mice S100 Calcium Binding Protein G Osteogenesis Internal medicine medicine Vitamin D and neurology Animals Homeostasis Growth Plate RNA Messenger Mice Knockout Bone growth Calcium metabolism Dose-Response Relationship Drug Osteoid Biological Transport medicine.disease Endocrinology Gene Expression Regulation Receptors Calcitriol Calcium Secondary hyperparathyroidism Calcium Channels medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Bone. 45:964-971 |
ISSN: | 8756-3282 |
Popis: | Vitamin D plays a major role in mineral and skeletal homeostasis through interaction with the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) of target cells. Recent reports have indicated that some cellular effects of vitamin D may occur via alternative signaling pathways, but concrete evidence for mineral homeostasis has not been shown in vivo. To investigate this issue, the actions of calcitriol (1,25D) and maxacalcitol (OCT), which were developed for treatment of uremia-induced secondary hyperparathyroidism, were analyzed in VDR knockout (VDR(-/-)) mice. The VDR(-/-) mice were fed a rescue diet immediately after weaning. 1,25D, OCT or a control solution was administered intraperitoneally to these mice three times a week for eight weeks. Biological markers and bone growth were measured and bone histomorphometric analysis of the calcein-labeled tibia was performed 24 h after the final administration. Significantly higher levels of serum Ca(2+) were observed in 1,25D- and OCT-treated mice, but the serum parathyroid hormone level was unchanged by both agents. Impaired bone growth, enlarged and distorted cartilaginous growth plates, morphological abnormalities of cancellous and cortical bones; a morbid osteoid increase, lack of calcein labeling, and thinning of cortical bone, were all significantly improved by 1,25D and OCT. The significance of these effects was confirmed by bone histomorphometrical analysis. Upregulation of the calbindin D(9k) mRNA expression level in the duodenum may explain these findings, since this protein is a major modulator of Ca transport in the small intestine. We conclude that 1,25D and OCT both at a high dose exert significant effects on Ca and skeletal homeostasis with the principal improvement of Ca status in VDR(-/-) mice, and some of these effects may occur through an alternative vitamin D signaling pathway. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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