Equipment Capability Measurement of Laboratory Freeze-Dryers: a Comparison of Two Methods
| Autor: | Gregory A. Sacha, Alina Alexeenko, Jayasree M. Srinivasan, Steven L. Nail, Vaibhav Kshirsagar |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) Pharmaceutical Science 02 engineering and technology Aquatic Science 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine law Drug Discovery Pressure choke point Choked flow Condenser (heat transfer) equipment capability Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Ecology Spectrum Analysis Temperature Water Choke General Medicine Mechanics 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Chamber pressure choked flow Freeze Drying Pressure measurement Vacuum pump Sublimation (phase transition) minimum controllable pressure 0210 nano-technology Agronomy and Crop Science Research Article |
| Zdroj: | AAPS PharmSciTech |
| ISSN: | 1530-9932 |
| DOI: | 10.1208/s12249-021-01921-2 |
| Popis: | The objective of this investigation was to evaluate two methods for measuring the maximum sublimation rate that a freeze-dryer will support—the minimum controllable pressure method and the choke point method. Both methods gave equivalent results, but the minimum controllable pressure method is preferred, since it is easier, faster, and less subjective. The ratio of chamber pressure to condenser pressure corresponding to the onset of choked flow was considerably higher in this investigation (up to about 20:1) than in previously published reports. This ratio was not affected by the location of the pressure gauge on the condenser; that is, on the foreline of the vacuum pump versus on the body of the condenser itself. The total water loss due to sublimation as measured by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was consistently within 5% of gravimetrically determined weight loss, regardless of whether the measurement took place during choked versus non-choked process conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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