Radiation-Induced Transformation of Immunoregulatory Networks in the Tumor Stroma
| Autor: | Inigo Martinez-Zubiaurre, Anthony J. Chalmers, Turid Hellevik |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy Stromal cell medicine.medical_treatment extracellular matrix Immunology VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470::Generell immunologi: 478 Review Immunomodulation 03 medical and health sciences angiogenesis 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Neoplasms medicine Immunology and Allergy Animals Humans tumor microenvironment VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::General immunology: 478 radiotherapy Lymphatic Vessels Tumor microenvironment biology Neovascularization Pathologic mesenchymal cells business.industry Immunity tumor stroma Cancer Immunotherapy medicine.disease Immune checkpoint Radiation therapy 030104 developmental biology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis myeloid cells Cancer research biology.protein immunotherapy Antibody Stromal Cells business lcsh:RC581-607 Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Immunology Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 9 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
| Popis: | The following article, Martinez, I.Z., Chalmers, A.J. & Hellevik, T. (2018). Radiation-induced transformation of immunoregulatory networks in tumor stroma. Frontiers in Immunology, 9, 1679, can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01679. The implementation of novel cancer immunotherapies in the form of immune checkpoint blockers represents a major advancement in the treatment of cancer, and has renewed enthusiasm for identifying new ways to induce antitumor immune responses in patients. Despite the proven efficacy of neutralizing antibodies that target immune checkpoints in some refractory cancers, many patients do not experience therapeutic benefit, possibly owing to a lack of antitumor immune recognition, or to the presence of dominant immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent developments in this field have revealed that local radiotherapy (RT) can transform tumors into in situ vaccines, and may help to overcome some of the barriers to tumor-specific immune rejection. RT has the potential to ignite tumor immune recognition by generating immunogenic signals and releasing neoantigens, but the multiple immunosuppressive forces in the TME continue to represent important barriers to successful tumor rejection. In this article, we review the radiation-induced changes in the stromal compartments of tumors that could have an impact on tumor immune attack. Since different RT regimens are known to mediate strikingly different effects on the multifarious elements of the tumor stroma, special emphasis is given to different RT schedules, and the time after treatment at which the effects are measured. A better understanding of TME remodeling following specific RT regimens and the window of opportunity offered by RT will enable optimization of the design of novel treatment combinations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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