Mechanisms of Nausea and Vomiting: Current Knowledge and Recent Advances in Intracellular Emetic Signaling Systems
| Autor: | Garrett Teskey, Weixia Zhong, Abrianna Beever, Omar Shahbaz, Nala Kachour, Nissar A. Darmani, Vishwanath Venketaraman |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
signaling pathway
vomiting Nausea QH301-705.5 Anatomical structures Review Bioinformatics Enteral administration Catalysis brainstem Inorganic Chemistry Subjective sensation the gastrointestinal tract Medicine Ca2+ Animals Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Biology (General) Gastrointestinal Contents Molecular Biology QD1-999 Spectroscopy Gastrointestinal tract Neurotransmitter Agents business.industry Organic Chemistry emesis General Medicine Computer Science Applications Gastrointestinal Tract Chemistry G-protein coupled receptors Vomiting Antiemetics medicine.symptom Receptors Serotonin 5-HT3 business Emetics Intracellular Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 5797, p 5797 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Nausea and vomiting are common gastrointestinal complaints that can be triggered by diverse emetic stimuli through central and/or peripheral nervous systems. Both nausea and vomiting are considered as defense mechanisms when threatening toxins/drugs/bacteria/viruses/fungi enter the body either via the enteral (e.g., the gastrointestinal tract) or parenteral routes, including the blood, skin, and respiratory systems. While vomiting is the act of forceful removal of gastrointestinal contents, nausea is believed to be a subjective sensation that is more difficult to study in nonhuman species. In this review, the authors discuss the anatomical structures, neurotransmitters/mediators, and corresponding receptors, as well as intracellular emetic signaling pathways involved in the processes of nausea and vomiting in diverse animal models as well as humans. While blockade of emetic receptors in the prevention of vomiting is fairly well understood, the potential of new classes of antiemetics altering postreceptor signal transduction mechanisms is currently evolving, which is also reviewed. Finally, future directions within the field will be discussed in terms of important questions that remain to be resolved and advances in technology that may help provide potential answers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
| Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje | K zobrazení výsledku je třeba se přihlásit. |