Rapid evolution leads to differential population dynamics and top-down control in resurrected Daphnia populations
| Autor: | Kristien I. Brans, Pieter Lemmens, Eyerusalem Goitom, Mieke Jansen, Luc De Meester, Laurens J. Kilsdonk |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Biology, Social Research, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
eco‐evolutionary dynamics Population Special Issue Original Article eco-evolutionary dynamics 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Daphnia Population density Predation top‐down control Fish stocking KUL-CoE-EcoSocio Genetics ecosystem function population dynamics Special Issue Original Articles resurrection ecology education Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Local adaptation education.field_of_study Resurrection ecology empirical dynamic modeling biology Ecology 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology biology.organism_classification Natural population growth top-down control General Agricultural and Biological Sciences local adaptation |
| Zdroj: | Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evolutionary Applications |
| Popis: | There is growing evidence of rapid genetic adaptation of natural populations to environmental change, opening the perspective that evolutionary trait change may subsequently impact ecological processes such as population dynamics, community composition, and ecosystem functioning. To study such eco-evolutionary feedbacks in natural populations, however, requires samples across time. Here, we capitalize on a resurrection ecology study that documented rapid and adaptive evolution in a natural population of the water flea Daphnia magna in response to strong changes in predation pressure by fish, and carry out a follow-up mesocosm experiment to test whether the observed genetic changes influence population dynamics and top-down control of phytoplankton. We inoculated populations of the water flea D. magna derived from three time periods of the same natural population known to have genetically adapted to changes in predation pressure in replicate mesocosms and monitored both Daphnia population densities and phytoplankton biomass in the presence and absence of fish. Our results revealed differences in population dynamics and top-down control of algae between mesocosms harboring populations from the time period before, during, and after a peak in fish predation pressure caused by human fish stocking. The differences, however, deviated from our a priori expectations. An S-map approach on time series revealed that the interactions between adults and juveniles strongly impacted the dynamics of populations and their top-down control on algae in the mesocosms, and that the strength of these interactions was modulated by rapid evolution as it occurred in nature. Our study provides an example of an evolutionary response that fundamentally alters the processes structuring population dynamics and impacts ecosystem features. ispartof: Evolutionary Applications vol:11 issue:1 pages:96-111 ispartof: location:England status: published |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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