Vývoj prevalencie reaktívnych protilátok typu IgM/IgG voči nukleokapsidovému antigénu vírusu SARS-CoV-2 v sérach pacientov Špecializovanej Nemocnice sv. Svorada Zobor s vybranými skupinami diagnóz v období máj 2020–február 2021

Autor: Magula, Daniel, Vaverková, Gabriela, Vinklerová, Silvia
Jazyk: slovenština
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4778048
Popis: SÚHRN Autori analyzujú údaje vývoja prevalencie sérových reaktívnych protilátok typu IgM/IgG voči nukleokapsidovému antigénu vírusu SARS-CoV-2 v období pandémie (21. týždeň 2020–7. týždeň 2021) vyšetrovaných u pacientov špecializovanej nemocnice s vybranými skupinami diagnóz. Za využitia diagnostickej súpravy Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 bolo realizovaných 5547 vyšetrení (m = 3028, ž = 2519). Podiely pozitívnych identifikácií reaktívnych protilátok (prevalencia) zo všetkých vyšetrených sér boli vyhodnocované v týždňových intervaloch. Významný vzostup sérovej pozitivity zaznamenaný od 44. týždňa 2020 dosiahol ku koncu sledovania nárast na 35 až 47 %, čím kopíroval trend nárastu kumulatívnej incidencie prípadov infekcie diagnostikovanej RT-PCR metódami v regióne Nitra, ktorá ku koncu sledovania presiahla 7 %. Rozdiel medzi podielom jedincov s infekciou potvrdenou RT-PCR metódami a podielom pacientov, ktorí na základe prítomnosti sérových reaktívnych protilátok skutočne infekciu prekonali, dosiahol ku koncu obdobia 28–40 %. Práve táto skupina diagnosticky nezachytených pacientov vyžaduje pri ďalšom terapeutickom a diagnostickom postupe zvýšenú obozretnosť. Vyšetrovanie špecifických protilátok na dôkaz prekonanej infekcie SARS-CoV-2 tak významne rozširuje možnosti laboratórnej diagnostiky infekcie a malo byť sa stať súčasťou jej základného vyšetrovacieho algoritmu. ABSTRACT The authors analyze data of the prevalence advancement of serum reactive IgM/IgG antibodies to the nucleocapsid antigen of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the pandemic period (21st week 2020—7th week 2021) examined in patients of a specialized hospital with selected groups of diagnoses. The Elecsys®Anti-SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic kit was used, 5547 examinations were performed, 3028 in males, 2519 in females. The proportions of positive identifications of reactive antibodies (e. g. prevalence) from all examined sera were evaluated at weekly intervals. The significant increase in serum positivity recorded since 44th week 2020 increased to 35—47 % at the end of follow-up, copying the trend of increasing cumulative incidence of RT-PCR-confirmed infections in the Nitra region, which exceeded 7 % at the end of follow-up. The difference between the proportion of individuals with infection confirmed by RT-PCR methods and the proportion of patients who actually survived the infection due to the presence of serum-reactive antibodies reached 28—40 % at the end of the period. It is this group of diagnostically undetected patients that requires increased caution in further therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Examination of specific antibodies to detect past SARS-CoV-2 infection thus significantly expands the possibilities of laboratory diagnosis of infection and should be a part of its basic screening algorithm.
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