Dose Expression for Pesticide Application in Citrus: Influence of Canopy Size and Sprayer
| Autor: | Alberto Fonte, Patricia Chueca, Ramón Salcedo, Agustí Soler, Cruz Garcerá |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Canopy Drift Citrus Coverage N01 Agricultural engineering Sprayer leaf deposition Pesticide application knapsack sprayer coverage LWA TRV 01 natural sciences lcsh:Agriculture Tree row volume Air-blast sprayer drift Authorization lcsh:S 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Vegetation Pesticide Agronomy 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Leaf deposition Knapsack sprayer Agronomy and Crop Science Leaf wall area 010606 plant biology & botany air-blast sprayer |
| Zdroj: | electronico ReDivia. Repositorio Digital del Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias instname Agronomy Volume 10 Issue 12 Agronomy, Vol 10, Iss 1887, p 1887 (2020) ReDivia: Repositorio Digital del Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA) |
| Popis: | Pesticides in three-dimensional (3D) crops are usually applied sidewise, so the vertical component must be considered for adjusting the applications. For this, different approaches have been proposed. Leaf Wall Area (LWA) was selected to express the minimum dose to be used in efficacy field trials for plant protection product (PPP) authorization in northern areas of Europe, where 3D crops are grown as narrow wall-forming structures. However, southern European areas also managed 3D crops as wide walls or globular crops with non-negligible canopy width. Therefore, a Tree Row Volume (TRV) model is thought to be more appropriate for dose expression. Furthermore, efficacy evaluations for pesticide authorization are usually carried out with manual sprayers in young plantations with medium-sized trees. However, growers normally apply PPP with air-blast sprayers in plantations of different tree sizes. The objective of this study was to determine which dose expression is more suitable in citrus orchards, as well as to analyze, in turn, the influence of the sprayer. The results demonstrated that TRV was the most appropriate for dose expression. Knapsacks and air-blast sprayers distributed the spray on the canopy in different ways, and the size of the vegetation influenced the differences between them. Moreover, knapsack sprayers produced higher ground losses, and air-blast sprayers produced higher potential drift. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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