Understanding and Managing Zoonotic Risk in the New Livestock Industries

Autor: Ozan Gundogdu, Abigail Woods, Ben S. Cooper, Peter Horby, Marco Liverani, Lisa J. White, James W. Rudge, Jeff Waage, Richard Coker, Brendan W. Wren, Shan Goh, Michael Loevinsohn, Tony Barnett, Ian Scoones, Richard D. Smith, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Jonathan Rushton
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
medicine.medical_specialty
Livestock
Natural resource economics
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Infectious Disease
emerging diseases
Zoonotic Disease
Risk Assessment
risk management
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Agriculture and Farming
Zoonoses
integrated ecology and human health
livestock production
risk characterization
zoonoses
medicine
Animals
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Animal Husbandry
Health implications
News | Science Selections
Risk management
030304 developmental biology
2. Zero hunger
0303 health sciences
business.industry
Public health
Animal production
Environmental resource management
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Rapid intensification
15. Life on land
Animal husbandry
jel:G32
SF Animal culture
Livestock Issues
13. Climate action
HD61 Risk Management
Commentary
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
business
Risk assessment
Zdroj: Environmental Health Perspectives
ISSN: 1552-9924
0091-6765
Popis: BACKGROUND: In many parts of the world, livestock production is undergoing a process of rapid intensification. The health implications of this development are uncertain. Intensification creates cheaper products, allowing more people to access animal-based foods. However, some practices associated with intensification may contribute to zoonotic disease emergence and spread: for example, the sustained use of antibiotics, concentration of animals in confined units, and long distances and frequent movement of livestock. OBJECTIVES: Here we present the diverse range of ecological, biological, and socioeconomic factors likely to enhance or reduce zoonotic risk, and identify ways in which a comprehensive risk analysis may be conducted by using an interdisciplinary approach. We also offer a conceptual framework to guide systematic research on this problem. DISCUSSION: We recommend that interdisciplinary work on zoonotic risk should take into account the complexity of risk environments, rather than limiting studies to simple linear causal relations between risk drivers and disease emergence and/or spread. In addition, interdisciplinary integration is needed at different levels of analysis, from the study of risk environments to the identification of policy options for risk management. CONCLUSION: Given rapid changes in livestock production systems and their potential health implications at the local and global level, the problem we analyze here is of great importance for environmental health and development. Although we offer a systematic interdisciplinary approach to understand and address these implications, we recognize that further research is needed to clarify methodological and practical questions arising from the integration of the natural and social sciences.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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