Venous thromboembolism after esophagectomy for cancer: a systematic review of the literature to evaluate incidence, risk factors, and prophylaxis

Autor: Nikoletta A Theochari, Stefanos Giannopoulos, Christina A. Theochari, Damianos G. Kokkinidis, Styliani Mantziari, Dimitrios Schizas, Orestis Lyros, Aristotelis Kechagias
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Esophageal Neoplasms
medicine.drug_class
medicine.medical_treatment
Low molecular weight heparin
03 medical and health sciences
Postoperative Complications
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
cardiovascular diseases
Aged
business.industry
Incidence
Incidence (epidemiology)
Postoperative complication
Venous Thromboembolism
General Medicine
Middle Aged
Esophageal cancer
equipment and supplies
medicine.disease
Pulmonary embolism
Esophagectomy
Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery
Esophagectomy/adverse effects
Female
Postoperative Complications/epidemiology
Postoperative Complications/etiology
Postoperative Complications/prevention & control
Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology
Venous Thromboembolism/etiology
Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control
Deep vein thrombosis
Risk factors
Regimen
Systematic review
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Surgery
business
Zdroj: Surgery today, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 171-181
ISSN: 1436-2813
0941-1291
DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02260-2
Popis: Although esophagectomy remains the preferred treatment for esophageal cancer, it is still associated with a number of complications, including post-operative venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to summarize the reported incidence of VTE after esophagectomy, its risk factors, and prevention strategies. We conducted a systematic search of the literature in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria and were selected in the present review. Overall, we identified 9768 patients who underwent esophagectomy, with a post-operative VTE rate of 4% (440 patients). The reported risk factors for VTE included advanced age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class III or IV, a history of cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, and the implementation of preoperative chemo-radiotherapy. Postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome was also associated with VTE. No universally applied prevention strategies for VTE after esophagectomy were identified in the literature. Despite advances in perioperative care, VTE after esophagectomy still represents a source of morbidity for about 4% of patients. Low molecular weight heparin is suggested as the routine standard prophylactic regimen after esophageal cancer surgery.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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