Characterizing behavioral and brain changes associated with practicing reasoning skills
| Autor: | Alison T. Miller Singley, Allyson P. Mackey, Silvia A. Bunge, Carter Wendelken |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Gilbert, Sam, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Mackey, Allyson |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male General Science & Technology lcsh:Medicine Basic Behavioral and Social Science 050105 experimental psychology Neural recruitment Task (project management) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neuroimaging Clinical Research Behavioral and Social Science Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Cognitive skill Prefrontal cortex lcsh:Science Problem Solving Behavior Multidisciplinary Working memory 05 social sciences lcsh:R Neurosciences Brain Cognition Brain Disorders Radiography lcsh:Q Mental health Female Psychology Occipital lobe 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Mackey, AP; Miller Singley, AT; Wendelken, C; & Bunge, SA. (2015). Characterizing behavioral and brain changes associated with practicing reasoning skills. PLoS ONE, 10(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137627. UC Berkeley: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4qr1n1q5 PLoS ONE PloS one, vol 10, iss 9 PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 9, p e0137627 (2015) Public Library of Science |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0137627. |
| Popis: | We have reported previously that intensive preparation for a standardized test that taxes reasoning leads to changes in structural and functional connectivity within the frontoparietal network. Here, we investigated whether reasoning instruction transfers to improvement on unpracticed tests of reasoning, and whether these improvements are associated with changes in neural recruitment during reasoning task performance. We found behavioral evidence for transfer to a transitive inference task, but no evidence for transfer to a rule generation task. Across both tasks, we observed reduced lateral prefrontal activation in the trained group relative to the control group, consistent with other studies of practice-related changes in brain activation. In the transitive inference task, we observed enhanced suppression of task-negative, or default-mode, regions, consistent with work suggesting that better cognitive skills are associated with more efficient switching between networks. In the rule generation task, we found a pattern consistent with a training-related shift in the balance between phonological and visuospatial processing. Broadly, we discuss general methodological considerations related to the analysis and interpretation of training-related changes in brain activation. In summary, we present preliminary evidence for changes in brain activation associated with practice of high-level cognitive skills. National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.) (F32HD079143-01) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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