The role of response bias in perceptual learning
| Autor: | David R. Moore, Daniel E. Shub, Sygal Amitay, Pete R. Jones |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Auditory perception Linguistics and Language bias Signal Detection Psychological media_common.quotation_subject BF Poison control Experimental and Cognitive Psychology perceptual learning Choice Behavior Language and Linguistics Discrimination Learning Judgment Young Adult Perceptual learning Perception Reaction Time Humans Discrimination learning Research Articles signal detection theory media_common Analysis of Variance Response bias Acoustic Stimulation Auditory Perception RC0321 Task analysis Female RE Psychology Observer-expectancy effect Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition |
| ISSN: | 1939-1285 0278-7393 |
| Popis: | Sensory judgments improve with practice. Such perceptual learning is often thought to reflect an increase in perceptual sensitivity. However, it may also represent a decrease in response bias, with unpracticed observers acting in part on a priori hunches rather than sensory evidence. To examine whether this is the case, 55 observers practiced making a basic auditory judgment (yes/no amplitude-modulation detection or forced-choice frequency/amplitude discrimination) over multiple days. With all tasks, bias was present initially, but decreased with practice. Notably, this was the case even on supposedly "bias-free," 2-alternative forced-choice, tasks. In those tasks, observers did not favor the same response throughout (stationary bias), but did favor whichever response had been correct on previous trials (nonstationary bias). Means of correcting for bias are described. When applied, these showed that at least 13% of perceptual learning on a forced-choice task was due to reduction in bias. In other situations, changes in bias were shown to obscure the true extent of learning, with changes in estimated sensitivity increasing once bias was corrected for. The possible causes of bias and the implications for our understanding of perceptual learning are discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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