Biosafety Regulatory Reviews and Leeway to Operate: Case Studies From Sub-Sahara Africa
| Autor: | Doris Wangari, John Komen, Herbert Kefa Oloka, Leena Tripathi, Boniface Mkoko, Daniel Osei Ofosu |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Process (engineering) Natural resource economics Context (language use) Plant Science lcsh:Plant culture 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Biosafety biosafety analysis Policy and Practice Reviews genome editing lcsh:SB1-1110 Emerging markets Agribusiness policy & institutional actions Agricultural machinery business.industry regulation Rural development 030104 developmental biology Agriculture Business 010606 plant biology & botany biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Plant Science Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 11 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1664-462X |
| Popis: | While modern biotechnology and, specifically, genetic modification are subject of debate in many parts of the world, an increasing number of countries in Sub-Sahara Africa are making important strides towards authorizing general releases of genetically modified (GM) crop varieties for use by farmers and agribusinesses. Obviously, the documented economic and environmental benefits from planting GM crops-based on a track record of over two decades-are a major driver in the decision-making process. Another key factor is the increasing alignment of biosafety regulatory policies with progressive agricultural and rural development policies in Africa, resulting in-compared to past experiences-greater emphasis on anticipated benefits rather than risks in biosafety regulatory reviews. In several cases, this has led to expedited reviews of GM crop release applications, either for confined field trials or general environmental release, taking experiences and data from other countries into account. Such regulatory approaches hold promise as the pipeline of relevant, pro-poor GM crop applications is expanding as are the opportunities provided by novel plant breeding techniques. This review article analyses the shifting policy context in select African economies, resulting in adoption of new agricultural technology, and novel regulatory approaches used in biosafety decision-making. Case studies will be presented for Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda to analyze challenges, distill lessons learned and to present general policy recommendations for emerging economies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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