Nutritional stress of adult female tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) affects the susceptibility of their offspring to trypanosomal infections
| Autor: | J. Van Den Abbeele, R. De Deken, P. Van den Bossche, Issa Sidibé, Tanguy Marcotty, K. Akoda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Trypanosoma congolense
Offspring Seasonal variation Veterinary (miscellaneous) Trypanosoma brucei brucei Population Glossina morsitans Zoology Nutritional stress Trypanosoma brucei Trypanosomiasis parasitic diseases medicine Animals education education.field_of_study biology Tsetse flies fungi Tsetse fly Feeding Behavior Protozoal diseases medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Vectorial capacity Glossinidae Pupa Trypanosomiasis African Infectious Diseases Starvation Insect Science Immunology Trypanosoma Female Parasitology Disease Susceptibility |
| Zdroj: | Acta Tropica. 111:263-267 |
| ISSN: | 0001-706X |
| Popis: | Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis poses a serious threat to human and animal health in sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) in a natural population will not develop a mature infection of either Trypanosoma congolense or Trypanosoma brucei sp. because of refractoriness, a phenomenon that is affected by different factors, including the tsetse fly's immune defence. Starvation of tsetse flies significantly increases their susceptibility to the establishment of a trypanosome infection. This paper reports the effects of nutritional stress (starvation) on (a) uninduced baseline levels of gene expression of the antimicrobial peptides attacin, defensin and cecropin in the tsetse fly, and (b) levels of expression induced in response to bacterial (Escherichia coli) or trypanosomal challenge. In newly emerged, unfed tsetse flies, starvation significantly lowers baseline levels of antimicrobial peptide gene expression, especially for attacin and cecropin. In response to trypanosome challenge, only non-starved older flies showed a significant increase in antimicrobial peptide gene expression within 5 days of ingestion of a trypanosome-containing bloodmeal, especially with T. brucei bloodstream forms. These data suggest that a decreased expression of immune genes in newly hatched flies or a lack of immune responsiveness to trypanosomes in older flies, both occurring as a result of fly starvation, may be among the factors contributing to the increased susceptibility of nutritionally stressed tsetse flies to trypanosome infection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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