Frankliniella occidentalis facilitate Salmonella enterica survival in the phyllosphere
| Autor: | Jeri D. Barak, Matthew A. Maurice, Victoria L. Harrod, Russell L. Groves |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Bacterial Diseases Leaves Veterinary medicine Plant Science Pathology and Laboratory Medicine medicine.disease_cause Population density Electrolytes Medical Conditions Solanum lycopersicum Salmonella Medicine and Health Sciences Electrochemistry education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Behavior Animal Ecology biology Plant Anatomy Enteric Bacteria Salmonella enterica Eukaryota Plants Bacterial Pathogens Insects Chemistry Infectious Diseases Medical Microbiology Plant-Insect Interactions Physical Sciences Medicine Female Pathogens Research Article Arthropoda Science Population Microbiology Fruits Enterobacteriaceae Population Metrics Tomatoes Plant-Animal Interactions Infestation medicine Animals education Microbial Pathogens Population Density Microbial Viability Bacteria Population Biology Thrips Inoculation Plant Ecology Thysanoptera Ecology and Environmental Sciences Organisms Biology and Life Sciences biology.organism_classification Animal Feed Invertebrates Western flower thrips Plant Leaves Food Microbiology Phyllosphere Zoology Entomology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 2, p e0247325 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | The human enteric bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica causes approximately 1.35 million cases of food borne illnesses annually in the United States. Of these salmonellosis cases, almost half are derived from the consumption of fresh, raw produce. Although epiphytic S. enterica populations naturally decline in the phyllosphere, a subset of phytophagous insects have recently been identified as biological multipliers, consequently facilitating the growth of bacterial populations. We investigated whether tomato leaves with macroscopic feeding damage, caused by infestation of adult Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), support higher S. enterica populations. To explore this hypothesis, we assessed S. enterica populations in response to thrips feeding by varying insect density, plant age, and the gender of the insect. As a reference control, direct leaf damage analogous to thrips feeding was also evaluated using directed, hydraulic pressure. In a supplementary set series of experiments, groups of F. occidentalis infested tomato plants were later inoculated with S. enterica to determine how prior insect infestation might influence bacterial survival and persistence. Following an infestation period, leaves visibly damaged by adult F. occidentalis supported significantly higher S. enterica populations and resulted in greater amounts of electrolyte leakage (measured as electrical conductivity) than leaves lacking visible feeding damage. Plant age did not significantly influence S. enterica populations or estimates of electrolyte leakage, independent of initial infestation. Additionally, the gender of the insect did not uniquely influence S. enterica population dynamics. Finally, applications of aggressive water bombardment resulted in more electrolyte leakage than leaves damaged by F. occidentalis, yet supported comparable S. enterica populations. Together, this study indicates that F. occidentalis feeding is one of the many potential biological mechanisms creating a more habitable environment for S. enterica. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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