Effects of Scrophularia extracts on tumor cell proliferation, death and intravasation through lymphoendothelial cell barriers
| Autor: | Michael Grusch, Walter Jäger, Ali Özmen, Verena M. Dirsch, Georg Krupitza, Mathias Teichmann, Benedikt Giessrigl, Sabine Kopf, Gökhan Yazici, Atanas G. Atanasov, Sara Ghassemi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Scrophularia
Cancer Research Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Programmed cell death MAP Kinase Signaling System Cell Apoptosis Breast Neoplasms Cell Cycle Proteins Inhibitory Concentration 50 Cell Line Tumor Spheroids Cellular medicine Humans Neoplasm Invasiveness Cell Proliferation Plants Medicinal biology Caspase 3 Plant Extracts Cell growth Cell Cycle NF-kappa B Intravasation Oncogenes Cell cycle biology.organism_classification Antineoplastic Agents Phytogenic Molecular biology Coculture Techniques Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology Cell culture Lymphatic Metastasis Female |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Oncology. |
| ISSN: | 1791-2423 1019-6439 |
| DOI: | 10.3892/ijo.2012.1388 |
| Popis: | Different studies describe the anti-inflammatory effects of Scrophularia species, a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine since ancient times. As knowledge regarding the anti-neoplastic properties of this species is rather limited, we investigated the influence of methanol extracts of different Scrophularia species on cell proliferation, cell death, and tumour cell intravasation through the lymph endothelial barrier. HL-60 leukaemia cells were treated with methanol extracts of different Scrophularia species leading to strong growth inhibition and high cell death rates. The expression of cell cycle regulators, oncogenes and cell death inducers was determined by Western blot analysis. Furthermore the effect of S. lucida was studied in an NF-κB reporter assay, and in a novel assay measuring 'circular chemo-repellent-induced defects' (CCID) in lymph endothelial monolayers that were induced by MCF-7 breast cancer spheroids. Methanol extracts of Scrophularia species exhibited strong anti-proliferative properties. S. floribunda extract inhibited G2/M- and later on S-phase and S. lucida inhibited S-phase and in both cases this was associated with the down-regulation of c-Myc expression. Extracts of S. floribunda and S. lucida led to necrosis and apoptosis, respectively. Furthermore, S. lucida, but not S. floribunda, effectively attenuated tumour cell intravasation through lymph endothelial cell monolayers, which correlated with the inhibition of NF-κB. S. lucida exhibited promising anti-neoplastic effects and this was most likely due to the down-regulation of various cell cycle regulators, proto-oncogenes and NF-κB and the activation of caspase-3. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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