Mitochondrial inefficiency in infants born to overweight African-American mothers

Autor: Scott Flewelling, W. Todd Cade, Manjusha Abraham, Maraya Camazine, Jennifer G. Duncan, Christina A. Collins, Alison G. Cahill
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Physiology
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Overweight
medicine.disease_cause
Fetal Development
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Birth Weight
oxidative stress
Prospective Studies
Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Skin
2. Zero hunger
Nutrition and Dietetics
3. Good health
Mitochondria
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Body Composition
Female
medicine.symptom
Adult
Offspring
Birth weight
Blotting
Western
Mothers
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Diabetes mellitus
medicine
Humans
Obesity
Inflammation
offspring
business.industry
Gene Expression Profiling
Infant
Newborn
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Fibroblasts
medicine.disease
Black or African American
030104 developmental biology
Gene Expression Regulation
business
Body mass index
Oxidative stress
Zdroj: International journal of obesity (2005)
ISSN: 1476-5497
Popis: Background Currently 20–35% of pregnant women are obese, posing a major health risk for mother and fetus. It is postulated that an abnormal maternal-fetal nutritional environment leads to adverse metabolic programming, resulting in altered substrate metabolism in the offspring and predisposing to risks of obesity and diabetes later in life. Data indicate that oocytes from overweight animals have abnormal mitochondria. We hypothesized that maternal obesity is associated with altered mitochondrial function in healthy neonatal offspring. Methods Overweight and obese (Body mass index, (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, n=14) and lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n=8), African American pregnant women carrying male fetuses were recruited from the Barnes Jewish Hospital obstetric clinic. Maternal and infant data were extracted from medical records. Infants underwent body composition testing in the first days of life. Circumcision skin was collected for isolation of fibroblasts. Fibroblast cells were evaluated for mitochondrial function, metabolic gene expression, nutrient uptake and oxidative stress. Results Skin fibroblasts of infants born to overweight mothers had significantly higher mitochondrial respiration without a concurrent increase in ATP production, indicating mitochondrial inefficiency. These fibroblasts had higher levels of reactive oxygen species and evidence of oxidative stress. Evaluation of gene expression in offspring fibroblasts revealed altered expression of multiple genes involved in fatty acid and glucose metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in infants of overweight mothers. Conclusion This study demonstrates altered mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in skin fibroblasts of infants born to overweight mothers. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term impact of this finding on the metabolic health of these children.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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