Development of prodrug 4-chloro-3-(5-methyl-3-{[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]amino}-1,2,4-benzotriazin-7-yl)phenyl benzoate (TG100801): a topically administered therapeutic candidate in clinical trials for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration
| Autor: | Ved P. Pathak, Chun P. Chow, Shiyin Yee, Michael D. Martin, Binqi Zeng, Hong Zhu, Shu Kachi, John Doukas, Naoyasu Umeda, Andrew McPherson, Dellamary Luis A, Hideo Akiyama, J. Hood, Boris Klebansky, Moorthy S.S. Palanki, Richard M. Fine, Katsutoshi Yokoi, Peter A. Campochiaro, Ahmed A Kousba, Joel Renick, Glenn Noronha, Dan Lohse, Xinshan Kang, Richard M. Soll, Colleen Gritzen, Chi Ching Mak, Steven Hu, Jianguo Cao |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Molecular genetic structures Administration Topical Pharmacology Eye Chemical synthesis Macular Degeneration Mice Structure-Activity Relationship Pharmacokinetics Phenols Edema Drug Discovery medicine Animals Prodrugs Mice Knockout Clinical Trials as Topic biology Dose-Response Relationship Drug Molecular Structure Chemistry Kinase Triazines Lasers Prodrug Macular degeneration medicine.disease Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 eye diseases Choroidal Neovascularization Disease Models Animal src-Family Kinases Biochemistry Enzyme inhibitor Drug Design biology.protein Molecular Medicine medicine.symptom Ophthalmic Solutions Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src |
| Zdroj: | Journal of medicinal chemistry. 51(6) |
| ISSN: | 0022-2623 |
| Popis: | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of loss of vision in the industrialized world. Attenuating the VEGF signal in the eye to treat AMD has been validated clinically. A large body of evidence suggests that inhibitors targeting the VEGFr pathway may be effective for the treatment of AMD. Recent studies using Src/YES knockout mice suggest that along with VEGF, Src and YES play a crucial role in vascular leak and might be useful in treating edema associated with AMD. Therefore, we have developed several potent benzotriazine inhibitors designed to target VEGFr2, Src, and YES. One of the most potent compounds is 4-chloro-3-{5-methyl-3-[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-ethoxy)phenylamino]benzo[1,2,4]triazin-7-yl}phenol ( 5), a dual inhibitor of both VEGFr2 and the Src family (Src and YES) kinases. Several ester analogues of 5 were prepared as prodrugs to improve the concentration of 5 at the back of the eye after topical administration. The thermal stability of these esters was studied, and it was found that benzoyl and substituted benzoyl esters of 5 showed good thermal stability. The hydrolysis rates of these prodrugs were studied to analyze their ability to undergo conversion to 5 in vivo so that appropriate concentrations of 5 are available in the back-of-the-eye tissues. From these studies, we identified 4-chloro-3-(5-methyl-3-{[4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]amino}-1,2,4-benzotriazin-7-yl)phenyl benzoate ( 12), a topically administered prodrug delivered as an eye drop that is readily converted to the active compound 5 in the eye. This topically delivered compound exhibited excellent ocular pharmacokinetics and poor systemic circulation and showed good efficacy in the laser induced choroidal neovascularization model. On the basis of its superior profile, compound 12 was advanced. It is currently in a clinical trial as a first in class, VEGFr2 targeting, topically applied compound for the treatment of AMD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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