Metformin attenuates effects of cyclophilin A on macrophages, reduces lipid uptake and secretion of cytokines by repressing decreased AMPK activity
| Autor: | V. R. Kutty, C C Kartha, M. Radhakrishna Pillai, Surya Ramachandran, Vinitha Anandan, Ajit S. Mullasari |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
0301 basic medicine THP-1 Cells medicine.medical_treatment AMP-Activated Protein Kinases Pharmacology Proinflammatory cytokine 03 medical and health sciences Cyclophilin A Cell Movement medicine Humans Hypoglycemic Agents Macrophage Scavenger receptor Cyclophilin Aged Pioglitazone Chemistry Macrophages AMPK General Medicine Middle Aged Lipid Metabolism Metformin Lipoproteins LDL Oxidative Stress 030104 developmental biology Cytokine Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Case-Control Studies Cytokines Reactive Oxygen Species Foam Cells Signal Transduction medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Science. 132:719-738 |
| ISSN: | 1470-8736 0143-5221 |
| DOI: | 10.1042/cs20171523 |
| Popis: | Growing evidence implicates cyclophilin A secreted by vascular wall cells and monocytes as a key mediator in atherosclerosis. Cyclophilin A in addition to its proliferative effects, during hyperglycemic conditions, increases lipid uptake in macrophages by increasing scavenger receptors on the cell’s surface. It also promotes macrophage migration across endothelial cells and conversion of macrophages into foam cells. Given the known effects of metformin in reducing vascular complications of diabetes, we investigated the effect of metformin on cyclophilin A action in macrophages. Using an ex vivo model of cultured macrophages isolated from patients with type 2 diabetes with and without coronary artery disease (CAD), we measured the effect of metformin on cyclophilin A expression, lipid accumulation, expression of scavenger receptors, plasma cytokine levels and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in macrophages. In addition, the effects of metformin on migration of monocytes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid uptake in the presence of cyclophilin A inhibitors and comparison with pioglitazone were studied using THP-1 monocytes. Metformin reduced cyclophilin A expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Metformin also decreased the effects of cyclophilin A on macrophages such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) uptake, scavenger receptor expression, ROS formation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in high-glucose conditions. Metformin reversed cyclophilin A-induced decrease in AMPK-1α activity in macrophages. These effects of metformin were similar to those of cyclophilin A inhibitors. Metformin can thus function as a suppressor of pro-inflammatory effects of cyclophilin A in high-glucose conditions by attenuating its expression and repressing cyclophilin A-induced decrease in AMPK-1α activity in macrophages. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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