Nanobodies Enhancing Cancer Visualization, Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Autor: | Dhaneshree Bestinee Naidoo, Anil Chuturgoon |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
QH301-705.5 medicine.medical_treatment Tumor penetration Cancer imaging Review Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Drug Delivery Systems Neoplasms Medicine cancer antibodies Humans Biology (General) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Intensive care medicine Adverse effect QD1-999 Molecular Biology Spectroscopy diagnosis and therapies business.industry Organic Chemistry Cancer imaging General Medicine Immunotherapy Single-Domain Antibodies medicine.disease nanobodies Computer Science Applications Radiation therapy Chemistry business |
Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 9778, p 9778 (2021) |
ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
Popis: | Worldwide, cancer is a serious health concern due to the increasing rates of incidence and mortality. Conventional cancer imaging, diagnosis and treatment practices continue to substantially contribute to the fight against cancer. However, these practices do have some risks, adverse effects and limitations, which can affect patient outcomes. Although antibodies have been developed, successfully used and proven beneficial in various oncology practices, the use of antibodies also comes with certain challenges and limitations (large in size, poor tumor penetration, high immunogenicity and a long half-life). Therefore, it is vital to develop new ways to visualize, diagnose and treat cancer. Nanobodies are novel antigen-binding fragments that possess many advantageous properties (small in size, low immunogenicity and a short half-life). Thus, the use of nanobodies in cancer practices may overcome the challenges experienced with using traditional antibodies. In this review, we discuss (1) the challenges with antibody usage and the superior qualities of nanobodies; (2) the use of antibodies and nanobodies in cancer imaging, diagnosis, drug delivery and therapy (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy); and (3) the potential improvements in oncology practices due to the use of nanobodies as compared to antibodies. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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