Nitro- and oxy-PAHs in grassland soils from decade-long sampling in central Europe
| Autor: | Benjamin A. Musa Bandowe, Petr Kukučka, Barbora Nežiková, Jakub Martiník, Petra Přibylová, Jakub Hofman, Marco Wietzoreck, Gerhard Lammel |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Grassland chemistry.chemical_compound Soil Geochemistry and Petrology Adverse health effect Environmental Chemistry Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Water Science and Technology geography Air Pollutants geography.geographical_feature_category Nitrates Opah biology SOIL EXPOSURE Polycyclic aromatic compounds soil pollution Nitrated PAHs Soil exposure Background Temporal variation General Medicine 15. Life on land biology.organism_classification chemistry Environmental chemistry Soil water Nitro Pyrene Terrestrial ecosystem Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH |
| ISSN: | 1573-2983 |
| Popis: | Long-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated (NPAHs) and oxygenated (OPAHs) derivatives can cause adverse health effects due to their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and oxidative potential. The distribution of PAH derivatives in the terrestrial environment has hardly been studied, although several PAH derivatives are ubiquitous in air and long-lived in soil and water. We report the multi-annual variations in the concentrations of NPAHs, OPAHs and PAHs in soils sampled at a semi-urban (Mokrá, Czech Republic) and a regional background site (Košetice, Czech Republic) in central Europe. The concentrations of the Σ18NPAHs and the Σ11+2OPAHs and O-heterocycles were 0.31 ± 0.23 ng g−1 and 4.03 ± 3.03 ng g−1, respectively, in Košetice, while slightly higher concentrations of 0.54 ± 0.45 ng g−1 and 5.91 ± 0.45 ng g−1, respectively, were found in soil from Mokrá. Among the 5 NPAHs found in the soils, 1-nitropyrene and less so 6-nitrobenzo(a)pyrene were most abundant. The OPAHs were more evenly distributed. The ratios of the PAH derivatives to their parent PAHs in Košetice indicate that they were long-range transported to the background site. Our results show that several NPAHs and OPAHs are abundant in soil and that gas-particle partitioning is a major factor influencing the concentration of several semi-volatile NPAHs and OPAHs in the soils. Complete understanding of the long-term variations of NPAH and OPAH concentrations in soil is limited by the lack of kinetic data describing their formation and degradation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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