The Use and Abuse of Human Growth Hormone in Sports
| Autor: | Ashwin L. Rao, David M. Siebert |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Counseling
medicine.medical_specialty Competitive Behavior Sports medicine performance-enhancing drugs Performance-enhancing drugs 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Context (language use) Athletic Performance 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Recurrence medicine Humans Orthopedics and Sports Medicine drug testing Brain Concussion Doping in Sports biology Athletes business.industry Human Growth Hormone Human growth hormone 030229 sport sciences Off-Label Use biology.organism_classification Recombinant Proteins Substance Abuse Detection Focus Topic: Medical Aspects of Sports Body Composition athlete business Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Sports Health |
| ISSN: | 1941-0921 |
| Popis: | Context: Recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH) has become a target of abuse in the sporting world. Conversely, sports medicine clinicians may encounter athletes using rHGH to achieve normalcy in the context of growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Evidence Acquisition: Medline and PubMed databases were queried using the following keywords: GH, GH physiology, GH deficiency, acromegaly, GH athlete, GH sports, GH athletic performance, and GH deficiency concussion. Articles focusing on GH physiology, deficiency, excess, and its effects in both deficient and healthy patients were included. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: GH is a naturally occurring hormone with important roles in human physiology. Patients with GH deficiency (GHD) present variably, and GHD has numerous etiologies. rHGH treatment has substantial therapeutic benefits for patients with GHD. The benefits of rHGH treatment in otherwise-healthy adults are uncertain. GH excess may cause health problems such as acromegaly. Professional, collegiate, and international sports leagues and associations have banned rHGH use to maintain athlete health, safety, and fair play. Athletes misusing GH may face prolonged suspensions from competition. Implementing GH abuse testing is challenging, but new methods, such as the biomarker testing procedure, are being finalized. Conclusion: rHGH is not only an important therapeutic agent for GH-deficient patients but also a target of abuse in competitive athletics. Its benefits in a healthy, adult population are uncertain. A safe exercise and competition plan, developed with a physician knowledgeable of GH use, physiology, and abuse potential, should be of benefit to a longitudinal clinician-patient relationship. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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