The dynamics between limited-term and lifelong coinfecting bacterial parasites in wild rodent hosts
| Autor: | Hadas Hawlena, Yoav Romach, Mario Garrido, Aharon Friedman, Shimon Harrus, Snir Halle, Séverine Tasker, Anat Eidelman, Álvaro Navarro-Castilla, Serina Filler, Naama Shahar, Carmit Cohen, Ricardo Gutiérrez, Isabel Barja, Enav Bar-Shira |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Bartonella Male Mixed infections Concomitant infections Rodent Physiology Within-host competition 030310 physiology Period (gene) Aquatic Science medicine.disease_cause 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Microbiology Life history theory 03 medical and health sciences Mycoplasma Stress Physiological biology.animal Bartonella Infections medicine Animals Mycoplasma Infections Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 0303 health sciences biology Behavior Animal Transmission (medicine) Host (biology) Coinfection Body Weight Multiple parasites medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Insect Science Animal Science and Zoology Female Within-host facilitation Gerbillinae |
| Zdroj: | Eidelman, A, Cohen, C, Navarro-Castilla, Á, Filler, S, Gutiérrez, R, Bar-Shira, E, Shachar, N, Garrido, M, Halle, S, Romach, Y, Barja, I, Tasker, S, Harrus, S, Friedman, A & Hawlena, H 2019, ' The dynamics between limited-term and lifelong coinfecting bacterial parasites in wild rodent hosts ', Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 222 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203562 |
| ISSN: | 1477-9145 |
| Popis: | Interactions between coinfecting parasites1 may take various forms, either direct or indirect, facilitative or competitive, and may be mediated by either bottom-up or top-down mechanisms. While each form of interaction leads to different evolutionary and ecological outcomes, it is challenging to tease them apart throughout the infection period. To establish the first step towards a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between coinfecting limited-term bacterial parasites and lifelong bacterial parasites, we studied the coinfection ofBartonella sp. (limited-term) and Mycoplasma sp. (lifelong), which commonly co-occur in wild rodents. We infected Bartonella and Mycoplasma-free rodents with each species, and simultaneously with both, and quantified the infection dynamics and host responses. Bartonella benefited from the interaction; its infection load decreased more slowly in coinfected rodents than in rodents infected with Bartonella alone. There were no indications for bottom-up effects, but coinfected rodents experienced various changes, depending on the infection stage, in their body mass, stress levels, and activity pattern, which may further affect bacterial replication and transmission. Interestingly, the infection dynamics and changes in the average coinfected rodent traits were more similar to the chronic effects of Mycoplasma infection, whereas coinfection uniquely impaired the host's physiological and behavioral stability. These results suggest that parasites with distinct life history strategies may interact, and their interaction may be asymmetric, non-additive, multifaceted, and dynamic through time. Since multiple, sometimes contrasting, forms of interactions are simultaneously at play and their relative importance alternates throughout the course of infection, the overall outcome may change under different ecological conditions. 1“Parasite” is used throughout the article in its broad definition as an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by consuming parts of the host resources or components. It damages the host but is rarely lethal in the short term. This term includes herein viruses, bacteria, protozoa, helminths, ectoparasites, and other blood-sucking organisms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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