The Role of Saliency for Visual Working Memory in Complex Visual Scenes
| Autor: | Martin Constant, Heinrich René Liesefeld |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Ophthalmology
PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences Working memory business.industry Computer science PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cognitive Psychology|Attention bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cognitive Psychology Computer vision Artificial intelligence business Sensory Systems bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Cognitive Psychology |
| Popis: | Given its severe capacity limitations, visual working memory (VWM) can process only a tiny fraction of the complex visual world. While selection of relevant information from cluttered scenes is a main topic of research on visual attention, it has not received much research efforts in the VWM community. Based on knowledge from visual-attention research, we develop a task that mimics the complexity of real-world scenes while maintaining tight experimental control over stimulation and allowing for the application of state-of-the-art computational models and neuroscientific techniques. In two experiments, we provide solid evidence that the distribution of a limited VWM resource is parametrically influenced by saliency (i.e., how much an object stands out from its immediate surround). Our third experiment demonstrates that – in contrast to the real world – saliency is virtually maxed out for relevant objects in typical laboratory studies of VWM, likely yielding a pronounced underestimation of this major influence on VWM. We discuss various, not necessarily exclusive, mechanisms by which saliency might influence VWM performance, including saliency-dependent distribution of resources, encoding efficiency and faster/better filtering of unnecessary information and relate our results to the Theory of Visual Attention (TVA). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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