Bile salts: natural surfactants and precursors of a broad family of complex amphiphiles
| Autor: | Nicolae Viorel Pavel, Alessandra Del Giudice, Maria Chiara di Gregorio, Jacopo Cautela, Luciano Galantini, Leana Travaglini |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Supramolecular chemistry
Salt (chemistry) 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry Ring (chemistry) Fibril 01 natural sciences Tubular aggregates Amphiphile Polymer chemistry Electrochemistry Molecule General Materials Science bile acids and salts Spectroscopy chemistry.chemical_classification Chemistry Surfaces and Interfaces 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics sodium cholate 0104 chemical sciences Covalent bond body fluids 0210 nano-technology |
| Popis: | Bile salts (BSs) are naturally occurring rigid surfactants with a steroidal skeleton and specific self-assembly and interface behaviors. Using bile salts as precursors, derivatives can be synthesized to obtain molecules with specific functionalities and amphiphilic structure. Modifications on single molecules are normally performed by substituting the least-hindered hydroxyl group on carbon C-3 of the steroidal A ring or at the end of the lateral chain. This leads to monosteroidal rigid building blocks that are often able to self-organize into 1D structures such as tubules, twisted ribbons, and fibrils with helical supramolecular packing. Tubular aggregates are of particular interest, and they are characterized by cross-section inner diameters spanning a wide range of values (3-500 nm). They can form through appealing pH- or temperature-responsive aggregation and in mixtures of bile salt derivatives to provide mixed tubules with tunable charge and size. Other derivatives can be prepared by covalently linking two or more bile salt molecules to provide complex systems such as oligomers, dendrimers, and polymeric materials. The unconventional amphiphilic molecular structure imparts specific features to BSs and derivatives that can be exploited in the formulation of capsules, drug carriers, dispersants, and templates for the synthesis of nanomaterials. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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