Low frequency of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections but high past HEV exposure in subjects from Cambodia with mild liver enzyme elevations, unexplained fever or immunodeficiency due to HIV-1 infection
| Autor: | Alexandra Kerleguer, Hubert Barennes, Saorin Kim, Sophearot Prak, Serey Vannak Hou, Yoann Madec, François Rouet, Polidy Pean, Janin Nouhin |
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| Přispěvatelé: | VIH/Hépatites, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Immunologie [Phnom Penh], This study was funded by the 2013 Fiocruz-Pasteur call tender., Special thanks to Pr François-Xavier Blanc and Dr Didier Ménard for providing plasma samples from the ANRS 1295CAMELIA trial and the Non Malaria Febrile Illness (NMFI) survey, respectively., Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
viruses MESH: Hepatitis E/epidemiology Prevalence HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause MESH: Immunoglobulin M/blood Liver disease MESH: Hepatitis E virus/immunology 0302 clinical medicine Liver Function Tests Hepatitis E virus [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases MESH: Child MESH: Liver Function Tests 030212 general & internal medicine Child Immunodeficiency MESH: Aged 0303 health sciences MESH: Hepatitis Antibodies/blood MESH: Middle Aged biology medicine.diagnostic_test MESH: Infant Newborn MESH: RNA Viral/blood virus diseases Middle Aged Hepatitis E MESH: Infant MESH: Cambodia/epidemiology Enzymes 3. Good health Infectious Diseases Liver MESH: Young Adult Child Preschool MESH: Hepatitis E virus/isolation & purification RNA Viral Female Cambodia Adult Adolescent Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences MESH: Liver/enzymology Virology MESH: Hepatitis E/pathology medicine Humans Hepatitis Antibodies MESH: Hepatitis E virus/genetics MESH: Prevalence Aged Retrospective Studies MESH: Adolescent MESH: Enzymes/blood MESH: Humans MESH: HIV Infections/complications 030306 microbiology business.industry MESH: Child Preschool Infant Newborn Infant MESH: Adult MESH: Retrospective Studies medicine.disease digestive system diseases MESH: Male Immunoglobulin M HEV Immunoglobulin G Immunology biology.protein business Liver function tests MESH: Immunoglobulin G/blood MESH: Female Malaria |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Virology Journal of Clinical Virology, Elsevier, 2015, 71, pp.22-27. ⟨10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.304⟩ Journal of Clinical Virology, 2015, 71, pp.22-27. ⟨10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.304⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1386-6532 1873-5967 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.304⟩ |
| Popis: | Background In Cambodia, previous studies conducted on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection are scant, sometimes old, and showed inconsistent results. Moreover, there is no data about HEV infection in Cambodian HIV-1-infected patients. Objectives To assess the occurrence of acute HEV infections and the level of past HEV exposure in one Mekong country. Study design Using anti-HEV IgM and HEV RNA detection, we retrospectively investigated the presence of acute HEV infection in 825 individuals, including 350 subjects with or without fever, 300 subjects with or without liver enzyme elevations (LEE) and 175 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive, severely immunocompromised HIV-1-infected patients. The detection of anti-HEV IgG was also performed to assess ancient HEV exposure. Results Nine individuals tested positive for anti-HEV IgM yielding an overall rate of 1.1% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5–2.0). We did not find significant differences for anti-HEV IgM rates between subjects with unexplained fevers (1.5%) and those with malaria or dengue-associated fever (1.7%) or non-febrile individuals (0%) ( P = 0.49), and between subjects with (1.5%) and without (2.0%) LEE ( P = 0.87). No HIV-infected patient tested positive for anti-HEV IgM. HEV RNA was not detected in all tested plasma specimens ( n = 578). Overall, the anti-HEV IgG prevalence rate was 30.1% (95% CI, 27.0–33.2). Conclusions The scarcity of recent HEV infection contrasted with the high level of past HEV exposure. The role of HEV in liver disease is likely minor in Cambodia since no HEV RNA was detected in our studied populations, including HIV-positive patients with severe immunodepression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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