Highly blood perfused, highly metabolically active pancreatic islets may be more susceptible for immune attack
| Autor: | Daniel Espes, Malin Fex, Per-Ola Carlsson, My Quach, Monica Sandberg, Sara Ullsten |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Male endocrine system diseases Physiology type 1 diabetes medicine.medical_treatment 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology insulitis lcsh:Physiology Rats Sprague-Dawley 0302 clinical medicine Insulin Secretion Insulin Glucose homeostasis blood flow Cells Cultured Original Research geography.geographical_feature_category lcsh:QP1-981 Chemistry Islet Microspheres medicine.anatomical_structure Endokrinologi och diabetes Pancreas Perfusion medicine.medical_specialty endocrine system Cellbiologi Endocrinology and Diabetes Islets of Langerhans 03 medical and health sciences Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine Animals geography Type 1 diabetes pancreatic islets Pancreatic islets Cell Biology medicine.disease Rats Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 Endocrinology Regional Blood Flow heterogeneity Insulitis 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Physiological Reports, Vol 8, Iss 13, Pp n/a-n/a (2020) Physiological Reports |
| Popis: | Differences in pancreatic islet susceptibility during type 1 diabetes development may be explained by interislet variations. This study aimed to investigate if heterogeneities in vascular support and metabolic activity in rat and human islets may explain why some islets are attacked earlier than other islets. In rats, highly blood perfused islets were identified by injection of microspheres into the ascending aorta, whereas a combination of anterograde and retrograde injections of microspheres into pancreas was used to determine the islet vascular drainage system. Highly blood perfused islets had superior function and lower glucose threshold for insulin release when compared with other islets. These islets had a preferential direct venous drainage to the portal vein, whereas other islets mainly were incorporated into the exocrine capillary system. In BioBreeding rats, the hypothesis that islets with high islet blood perfusion was more prone to immune cell infiltration was investigated. Indeed, highly blood perfused islets were the first affected by the immune attack. In human subjects, differences in glucose threshold for insulin (C‐peptide) secretion was evaluated in individuals recently diagnosed for type 1 diabetes and compared to control subjects. A preferential loss of capacity for insulin release in response to low glucose concentrations was observed at debut of type 1 diabetes. Our study indicates that highly blood perfused islets with direct venous drainage and lower glucose threshold for insulin release are of great importance for normal glucose homeostasis. At the same time, these highly metabolically active islets were the primary target of the immune system. Highly blood perfused islets with their direct venous drainage and lower glucose threshold for insulin release seem to be of great importance for normal glucose homeostasis. At the same time, these highly metabolically active islets are the primary target of the immune system which may explain why some islets are attacked earlier than other islets during the development of type 1 diabetes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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