Maternal autoantibody related autism: mechanisms and pathways
| Autor: | Karen L. Jones, Judith A Van de Water |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Autism Spectrum Disorder behavioral disciplines and activities Article Pathogenesis 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Fetus 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Pregnancy Risk Factors mental disorders Humans Medicine Molecular Biology Autoantibodies Mechanism (biology) business.industry Autoantibody Brain medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health 030104 developmental biology Autism spectrum disorder Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Autism Female Biological psychiatry business Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Psychiatry. 24:252-265 |
| ISSN: | 1476-5578 1359-4184 |
| Popis: | It has been estimated that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) now affects 1 in 59 children in the United States. Although the cause(s) of ASD remain largely unknown, it is becoming increasingly apparent that ASD can no longer be defined simply as a behavioral disorder, but is in effect a rather complex and highly heterogeneous biological disorder. Up until recently the brain was thought to be “immune privileged.” However, it is now known that the immune system plays critical roles in the development and functioning of the brain throughout life. Recent evidence from multiple investigators has illustrated the deleterious role that dysregulation of the maternal immune system during gestation can play in the manifestation of changes in neurodevelopment, resulting in the development of neurobehavioral disorders such as ASD. One potential etiologic pathway through which the maternal immune system can interfere with neurodevelopment is through maternal autoantibodies that recognize proteins in the developing fetal brain. This mechanism of pathogenesis is now thought to lead to a subphenotype of ASD that has been termed maternal autoantibody related (MAR) ASD. This review provides an overview of the current research implicating the presence of brain-reactive maternal autoantibodies as a risk factor for MAR ASD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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