Differential leucocyte detection by flow cytometry improves the diagnosis of genital tract inflammation and identifies macrophages as proinflammatory cytokine-producing cells in human semen
| Autor: | A. Fathy, J.-P. Allam, Gerhard Haidl, Shu-Jian Chen, Natalija Novak, H.-C. Schuppe |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Infertility Neutrophils Urology Interleukin-1beta Population CD18 Inflammation Semen Biology Flow cytometry Proinflammatory cytokine Male infertility Leukocyte Count Endocrinology Leukocytes medicine Humans education education.field_of_study medicine.diagnostic_test Interleukin-6 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Macrophages General Medicine Flow Cytometry medicine.disease Immunology Cytokines Genital Diseases Male Inflammation Mediators medicine.symptom |
| Zdroj: | Andrologia. 46:1004-1012 |
| ISSN: | 0303-4569 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/and.12188 |
| Popis: | Genital tract inflammation is considered as a major cause of male infertility with leucocytospermia as widely used diagnostic marker. However, threshold of 10(6) leucocytes ml(-1) recommended by the WHO is a matter of debate. Moreover, leucocyte subpopulations and their impact cannot be identified by the routine peroxidase method (POM). Ejaculates of subfertile men (n = 47) were analysed by flow cytometry (FACS) using a bead-based method. Leucocytes were identified by CD18 and further divided into macrophages (HLA-Dr+/CD66abce-) and neutrophils (HLA-Dr-/CD66abce+). IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 production was investigated in these subpopulations. It was found that CD18-positive cells correlated significantly with POM. However, only in samples with POM below 10(6) per millilitre, FACS detected significantly higher leucocyte numbers. Moreover, in 31% of these samples, FACS leucocyte detection reached threshold values greater than 1 × 10(6) ml(-1) , fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of leucocytospermia. Neutrophils were the predominating leucocyte population. Nevertheless, in 24% of samples, macrophages encountered more than 50% of leucocytes. Most interestingly, only macrophages produced significant amounts of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6. It is concluded that FACS improves detection and functional differentiation of seminal leucocytes as one of the diagnostic hallmarks of male genital tract inflammation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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