An Epidemic ofMalassezia pachydermatisin an Intensive Care Nursery Associated with Colonization of Health Care Workers' Pet Dogs
| Autor: | Huan J. Chang, Hilary L. Miller, Nancy Watkins, Matthew J. Arduino, David A. Ashford, Gillian Midgley, Sonia M. Aguero, Roshini Pinto-Powell, C. Fordham von Reyn, William Edwards, Michael M. McNeil, William R. Jarvis, Ruth Pruitt |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Health Personnel Asymptomatic Disease Outbreaks Infectious Disease Transmission Professional-to-Patient Cohort Studies Dogs Risk Factors Intensive Care Units Neonatal Zoonoses Intensive care Internal medicine Health care Disease Transmission Infectious Odds Ratio Animals Humans Medicine Colonization Intensive care medicine Cross Infection Malassezia business.industry Infant Newborn Infant General Medicine medicine.disease Malassezia pachydermatis Personnel Hospital Otitis Mycoses Animals Domestic Female medicine.symptom business Meningitis Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | New England Journal of Medicine. 338:706-711 |
| ISSN: | 1533-4406 0028-4793 |
| Popis: | Malassezia species are lipophilic yeasts that are emerging as nosocomial pathogens, particularly in low-birth-weight neonates who receive lipid emulsions. When a cluster of patients with Malassezia pachydermatis infection was identified in an intensive care nursery, we initiated an investigation.A case patient was defined as any infant in the intensive care nursery who had a positive culture for M. pachydermatis between October 17, 1993, and January 18, 1995. We conducted a cohort study to identify risk factors for colonization and infection with M. pachydermatis. We collected cultures from the infants and the health care workers and from the health care workers' pets, since this organism has been associated with otitis externa in dogs.Fifteen infants met the case definition: eight with bloodstream infections, two with urinary tract infections, one with meningitis, and four with asymptomatic colonization. The case patients were significantly more likely than the other infants to weigh 1300 g or less (15 of 65 vs. 0 of 419, P0.001). In a multivariate analysis of infants weighing 1300 g or less, the independent risk factors for colonization or infection with M. pachydermatis were a greater severity of concomitant illness (odds ratio, 19.7; P=0.001), arterial catheterization for nine or more days (odds ratio, 29.5; P=0.027), and exposure to Nurse A (odds ratio, 74.7; P=0.004). In a point-prevalence survey, 9 additional infants, 1 health care worker, and 12 of the health care workers' pet dogs had positive cultures for M. pachydermatis. The isolates from all 15 case patients, the 9 additional colonized infants, 1 health care worker, and 3 of the 12 dogs had identical patterns of restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms.In this outbreak, it is likely that M. pachydermatis was introduced into the intensive care nursery on health care workers' hands after being colonized from pet dogs at home. The organism persisted in the nursery through patient-to-patient transmission. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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