3D printed electrodes for efficient membrane capacitive deionization
| Autor: | Pablo Valdivia y Alvarado, Hui Ying Yang, Xiaoxia Li, Glenn Joey Sim, Mohsen Saeedikhani, Sareh Vafakhah |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
business.industry Capacitive deionization Graphene General Engineering Oxide Bioengineering General Chemistry Carbon nanotube Desalination Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Membrane chemistry law Electrode Optoelectronics General Materials Science business Current density |
| Zdroj: | Nanoscale Advances. 1:4804-4811 |
| ISSN: | 2516-0230 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/c9na00507b |
| Popis: | There is increasing interests in cost-effective and energy-efficient technologies for the desalination of salt water. However, the challenge in the scalability of the suitable compositions of electrodes has significantly hindered the development of capacitive deionization (CDI) as a promising technology for the desalination of brackish water. Herein, we introduced a 3D printing technology as a new route to fabricate electrodes with adjustable composition, which exhibited large-scale applications as free-standing, binder-free, and robust electrodes. The 3D printed electrodes were designed with ordered macro-channels that facilitated effective ion diffusion. The high salt removal capacity of 75 mg g−1 was achieved for membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) using 3D printed nitrogen-doped graphene oxide/carbon nanotube electrodes with the total electrode mass of 20 mg. The improved mechanical stability and strong bonding of the chemical components in the electrodes allowed a long cycle lifetime for the MCDI devices. The adjusted operational mode (current density) enabled a low energy consumption of 0.331 W h g−1 and high energy recovery of ∼27%. Furthermore, the results obtained from the finite element simulations of the ion diffusion behavior quantified the structure–function relationships of the MCDI electrodes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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