Cancer Vaccines, Treatment of the Future: With Emphasis on HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
| Autor: | Seetharama D. Jois, Sandeep Pallerla, Ata Ur Rahman Mohammed Abdul, Jill M. Comeau |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oncology DNA-based vaccine medicine.medical_specialty Receptor ErbB-2 Breast Neoplasms Review Cell-based vaccine Cancer Vaccines Catalysis lcsh:Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences breast cancer 0302 clinical medicine Breast cancer Immune system Antigen Neoplasms vaccine HER2 Internal medicine Tumor Microenvironment medicine Animals Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry lcsh:QH301-705.5 Molecular Biology Spectroscopy business.industry Organic Chemistry Cancer General Medicine medicine.disease Vaccine therapy Computer Science Applications cell-based vaccine Clinical trial 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer cell Female therapeutic vaccine business |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 779, p 779 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms22020779 |
| Popis: | Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women. With improvements in early-stage diagnosis and targeted therapies, there has been an improvement in the overall survival rate in breast cancer over the past decade. Despite the development of targeted therapies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as monoclonal antibodies and their toxin conjugates, all metastatic tumors develop resistance, and nearly one-third of HER2+ breast cancer patients develop resistance to all these therapies. Although antibody therapy has shown promising results in breast cancer patients, passive immunotherapy approaches have limitations and need continuous administration over a long period. Vaccine therapy introduces antigens that act on cancer cells causing prolonged activation of the immune system. In particular, cancer relapse could be avoided due to the presence of a longer period of immunological memory with an effective vaccine that can protect against various tumor antigens. Cancer vaccines are broadly classified as preventive and therapeutic. Preventive vaccines are used to ward off any future infections and therapeutic vaccines are used to treat a person with active disease. In this article, we provided details about the tumor environment, different types of vaccines, their advantages and disadvantages, and the current status of various vaccine candidates with a focus on vaccines for breast cancer. Current data indicate that therapeutic vaccines themselves have limitations in terms of efficacy and are used in combination with other chemotherapeutic or targeting agents. The majority of breast cancer vaccines are undergoing clinical trials and the next decade will see the fruitfulness of breast cancer vaccine therapy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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