Vaping and lung cancer - A review of current data and recommendations
| Autor: | Stephen P. Finn, Kathy Gately, Dhruv Kapoor, Paul Buchanan, Anne-Marie Baird, Sinead Cuffe, Dara Bracken-Clarke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Cancer Research Nicotine Lung Neoplasms Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Bioinformatics Tobacco smoke law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine law Medicine Humans Lung cancer Carcinogen Smoke business.industry Vaping Cancer Oncogenes Device use medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis business Electronic cigarette medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 153 |
| ISSN: | 1872-8332 |
| Popis: | Objectives Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide and, while tobacco smoke remains the primary cause, there is increasing concern that vaping and E-cigarette use may also increase lung cancer risk. This review concentrates on the current data, scholarship and active foci of research regarding potential cancer risk and oncogenic mechanisms of vaping and lung cancer. Materials and methods We performed a literature review of current and historical publications on lung cancer oncogenesis, vaping device/e-liquid contents and daughter products, molecular oncogenic mechanisms and the fundamental, potentially oncogenic, effects of electronic cigarette smoke/e-liquid products. Results E-cigarette devices and vaping fluids demonstrably contain a series of both definite and probable oncogens including nicotine derivatives (e.g. nitrosnornicotine, nitrosamine ketone), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals (including organometal compounds) and aldehydes/other complex organic compounds. These arise both as constituents of the e-liquid (with many aldehydes and other complex organics used as flavourings) and as a result of pyrolysis/complex organic reactions in the electronic cigarette device (including unequivocal carcinogens such as formaldehyde – formed from pyrolysis of glycerol). Various studies demonstrate in vitro transforming and cytotoxic activity of these derivatives. E-cigarette device use has been significantly increasing – particularly amongst the younger cohort and non-smokers; thus, this is an area of significant concern for the future. Conclusion Although research remains somewhat equivocal, there is clear reason for concern regarding the potential oncogenicity of E-Cigarettes/E-Liquids with a strong basic and molecular science basis. Given lag times (extrapolating from tobacco smoke data) of perhaps 20 years, this may have significant future public health implications. Thus, the authors feel further study in this field is strongly warranted and consideration should be made for tighter control and regulation of these products. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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