Aging‐related changes in cortical mechanisms supporting postural control during base of support and optic flow manipulations
| Autor: | Pierfilippo De Sanctis, John J. Foxe, Jeannette R. Mahoney, Sonja Joshi, Joe Verghese, Brenda R. Malcolm, Sophie Molholm |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Aging medicine.medical_specialty Optic Flow Electroencephalography Audiology Base of support Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Parietal Lobe Humans Medicine Young adult Set (psychology) Postural Balance Aged 030304 developmental biology Balance (ability) 0303 health sciences Supplementary motor area medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry General Neuroscience Multisensory integration Visual field medicine.anatomical_structure Female business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | European Journal of Neuroscience. 54:8139-8157 |
| ISSN: | 1460-9568 0953-816X |
| Popis: | Behavioral findings suggest that aging alters the involvement of cortical sensorimotor mechanisms in postural control. However, corresponding accounts of the underlying neural mechanisms remain sparse, especially the extent to which these mechanisms are affected during more demanding tasks. Here, we set out to elucidate cortical correlates of altered postural stability in younger and older adults. 3D body motion tracking and high-density electroencephalography (EEG) were measured while 14 young adults (mean age = 24 years, 43% women) and 14 older adults (mean age = 77 years, 50% women) performed a continuous balance task under four different conditions. Manipulations were applied to the base of support (either regular or tandem (heel-to-toe) stance) and visual input (either static visual field or dynamic optic flow). Standing in tandem, the more challenging position, resulted in increased sway for both age groups, but for the older adults, only this effect was exacerbated when combined with optic flow compared to the static visual display. These changes in stability were accompanied by neuro-oscillatory modulations localized to midfrontal and parietal regions. A cluster of electro-cortical sources localized to the supplementary motor area showed a large increase in theta spectral power (4-7 Hz) during tandem stance, and this modulation was much more pronounced for the younger group. Additionally, the older group displayed widespread mu (8-12 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) suppression as balance tasks placed more demands on postural control, especially during tandem stance. These findings may have substantial utility in identifying early cortical correlates of balance impairments in otherwise healthy older adults. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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