Air Conditioning Energy Saving from Cloud-Based Artificial Intelligence: Case Study of a Split-Type Air Conditioner

Autor: Fu-Po Tsai, Dasheng Lee
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Control and Optimization
020209 energy
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
PID controller
cloud-based artificial intelligence
02 engineering and technology
cooling season power factor (CSPF)
energy efficiency ratio (EER)
fuzzy + proportional-integral-differential (PID)
model-based predictive control (MPC)
split-type air conditioner
Cooling capacity
Seasonal energy efficiency ratio
lcsh:Technology
law.invention
law
0202 electrical engineering
electronic engineering
information engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Engineering (miscellaneous)
Temperature control
lcsh:T
Renewable Energy
Sustainability and the Environment
business.industry
020206 networking & telecommunications
Model predictive control
Air conditioning
Ventilation (architecture)
Environmental science
Artificial intelligence
business
Energy (miscellaneous)
Efficient energy use
Zdroj: Energies, Vol 13, Iss 2001, p 2001 (2020)
Energies; Volume 13; Issue 8; Pages: 2001
ISSN: 1996-1073
DOI: 10.3390/en13082001
Popis: This study developed cloud-based artificial intelligence (AI) that could run AI programs in the cloud and control air conditioners remotely from home. AI programs in the cloud can be altered any time to provide good control performances without altering the control hardware. The air conditioner costs and prices can thus be reduced by the increasing energy efficiency. Cloud control increased energy efficiency through AI control based on two conditions: (1) a constant indoor cooling rate and (2) a fixed stable range of indoor temperature control. However, if the two conditions cannot be guaranteed or the cloud signals are lost, the original proportional-integral-differential (PID) control equipped in the air conditioner can be used to ensure that the air conditioner works stably. The split-type air conditioner tested in this study is ranked eighth among 1177 air conditioners sold in Taiwan according to public data. It has extremely high energy efficiency, and using AI to increase its energy efficiency was challenging. Thus, this study analyzed the literature of AI-assisted controls since 1995 and applied it to heating, ventilation, and air conditioning equipment. Two technologies with the highest energy saving efficiency, a fuzzy + PID and model-based predictive control (MPC), were chosen to be developed into two control methodologies of cloud-based AI. They were tested for whether they could improve air conditioning energy efficiency. Energy efficiency measurement involved an enthalpy differential test chamber. The two indices, namely the energy efficiency ratio (EER) and cooling season power factor (CSPF), were tested. The EER measurement is the total efficiency value obtained when testing the required electric power at the maximum cooling capacity under constantly controlled temperature and humidity. CSPF is the tested efficiency value under dynamic conditions from changing indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidity according to the climate conditions in Taiwan. By using the static energy efficiency index EER for evaluation, the fuzzy + PID control could not save energy, but MPC increased the EER value by 9.12%. By using the dynamic energy efficiency index CSPF for evaluation, the fuzzy + PID control could increase CSPF by 3.46%, and MPC could increase energy efficiency by 7.37%.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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