Effects of Internal and External Control of Reinforcement on Binary-Choice Probability Learning
| Autor: | Norman Tiber, Marion Jacobs |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1972 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Probability learning Binary number Self Concept Task (project management) Personal control Humans Female Probability Learning Control (linguistics) Reinforcement Psychology Reinforcement Psychology Social psychology Internal-External Control General Psychology Cognitive psychology Event (probability theory) |
| Zdroj: | Psychological Reports. 30:255-260 |
| ISSN: | 1558-691X 0033-2941 |
| DOI: | 10.2466/pr0.1972.30.1.255 |
| Popis: | This study investigated the relationship between belief in one's ability to control reinforcements and performance in a binary-choice probability-learning situation under varying conditions of risk. The probability-learning task required S repeatedly to predict whether a red or green bulb would light up next. Red was programmed to occur 75% of the time. The sequence was random and not contingent upon Ss' responses. Rotter's Internal-External scale was used to select Ss who generally believed reinforcements were affected by their own behavior (internals) to compare with individuals who believed that most reinforcements were beyond personal control (externals). The conditions of risk were no-payoff, win or lose, win or break even, lose or break even, and reverse (lose for a correct guess and break even for an incorrect one). Performance on the reverse condition differed from all others, with Ss selecting the objectively more frequent event significantly less often. The difference resulted from the behavior of male externals and female internals, who predicted the less frequent event to avoid loss of chips. This is discussed within the framework of social learning theory. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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