Does the High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in African Americans Contribute to Health Disparities?
| Autor: | William B. Grant, Walter C. Willett, Bruce N. Ames |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Vitamin
Male Status Asthmaticus Dark skin Hispanic Physiology 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Rickets lcsh:TX341-641 vitamin D Review vitamin D deficiency 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Alzheimer Disease Antigens Neoplasm Diabetes mellitus medicine Vitamin D and neurology Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence Humans 030212 general & internal medicine African American European American health disparities Cholecalciferol whites Osteomalacia Nutrition and Dietetics integumentary system business.industry Mortality rate COVID-19 Health Status Disparities medicine.disease blacks Vitamin D Deficiency 25-hydroxyvitamin D Black or African American chemistry Dietary Supplements Dementia Female business UVB lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 499, p 499 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | African Americans have higher incidence of, and mortality from, many health-related problems than European Americans. They also have a 15 to 20-fold higher prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency. Here we summarize evidence that: (i) this health disparity is partly due to insufficient vitamin D production, caused by melanin in the skin blocking the UVB solar radiation necessary for its synthesis; (ii) the vitamin D insufficiency is exacerbated at high latitudes because of the combination of dark skin color with lower UVB radiation levels; and (iii) the health of individuals with dark skin can be markedly improved by correcting deficiency and achieving an optimal vitamin D status, as could be obtained by supplementation and/or fortification. Moderate-to-strong evidence exists that high 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and/or vitamin D supplementation reduces risk for many adverse health outcomes including all-cause mortality rate, adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, cancer, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, multiple sclerosis, acute respiratory tract infections, COVID-19, asthma exacerbations, rickets, and osteomalacia. We suggest that people with low vitamin D status, which would include most people with dark skin living at high latitudes, along with their health care provider, consider taking vitamin D3 supplements to raise serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels to 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) or possibly higher. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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